Chapter 2 - Basics of Psychoanalytic approach (FREUD)

Question 1

conscious

Answer 1

material we are aware of at any given moment

Question 2

preconscious

Answer 2

thoughts that are unconscious at this instant but can be easily recalled into our conscious mind

Question 3

unconscious

Answer 3

thought, memories, feelings, urges, fantasies that we are unaware of because they are actively kept in the unconscious
> repression

Question 4

manifest dream content

Answer 4

description of dream recalled by the patient (not true representation)

Question 5

latent dream content

Answer 5

underlying dream content, skilled interpretation necessary to get real meaning of dream

Question 6

Primary process thinking

Answer 6

irrational mental activity
- pleasure principle!

Question 7

Pleasure principle

Answer 7

innate, primitive instinct driving our behavior, urge to have met our drives, instinct to avoid pain, preserving equilibrium within the organism

Question 8

Secondary process thinking

Answer 8

rational thought, logical, organized
- reality principle

Question 9

reality principle

Answer 9

operatssaccording to the actual situation in the external world and the facts as we see them;
> learnt as we grow up

–> Secondary process thinking

Question 10

libido

Answer 10

fixed amount of mental energy (innate). after development will become basis for adult sex drives

Question 11

fundamental instinctual drives

Answer 11

sex drives (libido) and life-preserving drives (hunger and pain)
–> both positive, leading to a prolongation of life

Sex drives (Eros)

Question 12

death instinct

Answer 12

Thanatos –> self-destructive instinct

Question 13

id

Answer 13

• source of all cravings, impulses, mental energy
• survival drives, sexual drives and aggressive drives originate here
• innate

Seeks pleasure and avoids pain at all costs

Question 14

ego

Answer 14

executive part of the personality –> operates according to the reality principle with related secondary process thinking
- mediator between child/ person and outside world

Question 15

superego:

Answer 15

conscience, helps to make judgments about what is right or wrong
- composed of parental attitudes and evaluations
- acts in opposition to the id
- “Engelchen”

Question 16

Stages of development of personality

Answer 16

1. Oral stage (birth to 1 year)
2. Anal stage (18 months to 3 years)
3. Phallic Stage (3-5 years)
4. Latency Stage (5-12)
5. Genital stage (12-18 or older)

Question 17

Oral Stage (birth - 1 year)

Answer 17

• errogenous zones: lips, mouth, tongue
• cathexis:
• if needs of oral stimulation are not met: baby will be fixed on oral gratification will seek stimulation later in life
  > oral-aggressive personality vs. oral-receptive character

Question 18

Anal Stage (18 m - 3 years)

Answer 18

• anal region as the errogenous zone
• fixation in this stage –> anal-retentive personality

Question 19

Phallic Stage (3-5 yrs)

Answer 19

• genitals as sources of pleasure (masturbation as source of gratification)
• castration anxiety
• oedipus & electra complex

Question 20

Latency stage (5-12)

Answer 20

• resting period –> energies are taken up into socialization and learning, development of defense mechanisms

Question 21

Genital stage (12-18 or older)

Answer 21

• sexual objects chose: always opposite sex

Question 22

Oedipus complex (/ electra complex)

Answer 22

an unconscious sexual desire for the parent of the opposite sex and the wish to exclude the parent of the same sex (Phallic Stage)