Chapter 2 - Basic Exercise Science Flashcards
NERVOUS SYSTEM
A conglomeration of billions of cells specifically deigned to provide a communication network within the human body.
HUMAN MOVEMENT SYSTEM
The combination and interrelation of the nervous, muscular, and skeletal systems.
SENSORY FUNCTION
The ability of the nervous system to sense changes in either the internal or external environment.
INTEGRATIVE FUNCTION
The ability of the nervous system to analyze and interpret sensory information to allow for proper decision making, which products the appropriate response.
MOTOR FUNCTION
The neuromuscular response to the sensory information.
PROPRIOCEPTION
The cumulative sensory input to the central nervous system from all mechanoreceptors that sense body position and movement.
NEURON
The functional unit of the nervous system.
SENSORY (AFFERENT) NEURONS
Transmit nerve impulses from effector sites (such as muscles and organs) via receptors to the brain and spinal cord.
INTERNEURONS
Transmit nerve impulses form one neuron to another.
MOTOR (EFFERENT) NEURONS
Transmit nerve impulses form the brain and spinal cord to effector sites.
CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
The portion of the nervous system that consists of the brain and spinal cord.
PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
Cranial and spinal nerves that spread throughout the body.
MECHANORECEPTORS
Sensory receptors responsible for sensing distorting in body tissues.
MUSCLE SPINDLES
Receptors sensitive to change in length of the muscle and the rate of that change.
GOLGI TENDON ORGANS
Receptors sensitive to change in tension of the muscle and the rate of that change.
JOINT RECEPTORS
Receptors surrounding a joint that respond to pressure, acceleration, and deceleration of the joint.
SKELETAL SYSTEM
The body’s framework composed of bones and joints.
BONES
Provide a resting ground for muscles and protection of vital organs.