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Esthetician > Chapter 2: Anatomy And Physiology > Flashcards

Chapter 2: Anatomy And Physiology Flashcards

(86 cards)

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1
Q

Estheticians should study and have a thorough understanding of anatomy and physiology because:

A

understand the effect that services will have on tissues, organs and body systems

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2
Q

Cells are made up of a colorless, jellylike substance called:

A

Protoplasm

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3
Q

The principle parts of a cell includes:

A

Nucleus, organelles, cell membrane.

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4
Q

Found in the center of the cell, and plays an important part in cell reproduction and metabolism is the:

A

Nucleus

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5
Q

Within the nucleus of a cell there is a fluid that contains proteins and a very important acid known as: 

A

DNA

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6
Q

The process in which cells reproduce by dividing into two identical cells called daughter cells:

A

Mitosis

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7
Q

Cells will continue to grow and thrive As long as conditions are favorable such as:

A

suitable temperature, ability to eliminate waste and products, adequate supply of nutrients, oxygen, and water.

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8
Q

Chemical process that body cells convert nutrients to energy so that the cell can function.

A

Metabolism

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9
Q

Fat or Adipose tissue gives:

A

Gives smoothness and contour to the body.

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10
Q

Is a collection of similar cells that perform a particular function

A

Tissue

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11
Q

Protective lining on the body and surfaces such as skin mucous membrane lining of the heart digestive and respiratory organs and glands:

A

Epithelial Tissue

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12
Q

Tissues that carry messages to and from the brain; control and coordinate all bodily function:

A

Nerve Tissue

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13
Q

Connective tissues….

A

Support
Protect
Bind together other tissues of the body

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14
Q

A collection of tissues that have an identifiable structure and that perform specific functions

A

Organs

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15
Q

Groups of organs that cooperate for a common purpose made not the welfare of the entire body is: 

A

Body Systems

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16
Q

The integumentary system is made up of:

A

Skin and it’s various accessory organs

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17
Q

The skeletal system is Comprised of

A

bones

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18
Q

How would you describe the circulatory system?

A

Controls the blood supply

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19
Q

The stomach and intestines are part of the:

A

Digestive System

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20
Q

The cranium is made up of:

A

8 bones

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21
Q

What bone forms the forehead?

A

Frontal Bone

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22
Q

Bones the form the sides and top of the cranium

A

Parietal Bones

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23
Q

Bones that form the sides of the head in the ear region

A

Temporal bones

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24
Q

Bones that Form the upper jaw

A

Maxillae Bones

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25
Strongest bone of the face:
mandible
26
Forms the back of the skull:
Occipital Bone
27
Uppermost and Largest bone in your arm:
Humerus
28
3 parts of a muscle:
Origin Belly Insertion
29
Muscle that enables you the close your eyes:
Orbicularis Oculi
30
One of muscles in the jaw used for chewing is:
Masseter
31
The muscle that draws the eyebrows down and wrinkles the forehead vertically: 
Corrugator(KOR-uh-gayt-or)
32
Is a broad muscle extending from the chest and shoulder muscles to the side of the chin. it is responsible for lowering the lower jaw and lip
Platysma(plah-TIZ-muh)
33
The muscle extending along side of the neck from the air to the collarbone. It ask to rotate the head from side to side and up and down.
Sternocleidomastoid(STUR-noh-KLY-doh-MAS-toyd)
34
A large, triangular muscle covering the shoulder joint that allows the arm to extend outward into the side of the body:
Deltoid
35
Muscles produce the contour of the front and inner side of the upper arm ; they lift the forearm, flex the elbow, and turn the palms outward.
Biceps
36
Muscle that turns the hand outwards and the palm upwards:
Supinators
37
Muscles the straightens the wrist and fingers:
Extensors
38
Muscles the draw and body part away from the midline of the body; separating the fingers:
Abductors
39
Muscle that involves bending or flexing the wrist
Flexors
40
Which part of the nervous system controls consciousness and many mental activities?
Central Nervous System
41
Estheticians are primarily not concerned about this nerve:
The 8th nerve
42
Which system carries oxygenated from the heart throughout the body and back to the heart again?
Systemic
43
The blood is made out of:
red and white bloods cells, platelets and plasma.
44
The system that protects the body from disease is?
Immune/lymphatic system
45
The most complex organ of the endocrine system:
Pituitary Gland
46
Secretes enzyme-producing cells that are responsible for digesting carbohydrates proteins and fats
Pancreas
47
What is part of the female reproductive system?
Ovaries Fallopian tubes uterus vagina
48
Which hormone is dominate in males?
Testosterone
49
Spongy tissues that exchanges air for carbon dioxide:
Lungs
50
A part of the breathing cycle the pumps oxygen to the blood
Inhalation
51
The act of moving food along the digestive tract
Peristalsis
52
Responsible for eliminating waste from the body
Excretory System
53
The skin purifies the body by:
Eliminating salt and minerals through perspiration.
54
This organ discharges bile which breaks down digestive fat:
Liver
55
Study of structures of the human body
Anatomy
56
Study of the structure and composition of tissue:
Histology
57
The study of the functions or activities Performed by the body structures:
Physiology
58
Body system comprised of the largest organ of the body
Integumentary
59
Body system to form the foundation of the body
Skeletal System
60
When performing treatment you need to know which system controls the muscle movements on the face: 
Nervous System
61
System that can pass on our genetics from one generation to the other:
Reproductive System
62
Study of the structure, function, and pathology of the nervous system:
Neurology
63
Subdivisions of the nervous system that controls your five senses:
Central Nervous System
64
The system that has both sensory and motor nerves and carries messages to and from the central nervous system:
Peripheral Nervous System
65
System that regulates muscles, responsible for respiration and the heart beating
Autonomic Nervous System
66
Largest and most complex mass of nerve tissue in the body:
Brain
67
Nerve endings on sensory nerves:
Receptors
68
What is true about reflexes:
They are automatic
69
What would not be found in the 5th cranial nerve?
Buccal Nerve
70
Another name for the 7th cranial nerve:
Facial nerve
71
Where would you find the posterior auricular nerve?
7th cranial nerve | Behind the ear at the base of the skull
72
Cervical nerves originate in the…
Spinal cord
73
Which nerve affects the little finger side of the arm and the palm of the hand?
Ulnar Nerve
74
Nerve that can trigger sudden drop in blood pressure:
Vagus Nerve
75
Blood vessels that connect the smaller arteries to venules:
Capillaries
76
Largest artery in the body:
Aorta
77
What do veins do?
Take waste products back to the heart and lungs for cleaning.
78
What is not true about blood?
It eliminates
79
Platelets are used to:
Contribute to the blood clotting process
80
Main source of blood supply to the head, face and neck?
Common Carotid Arteries
81
As an esthetician understand vessel locations can help you avoid:
Bruising during a treatment
82
What does the liver do?
Secretes enzymes necessary for digestion.
83
Fights infects and detoxifies the blood:
Spleen
84
Not a function of the lymphatic system:
Carries fluid waste and impurities for the cell
85
Chief sensory nerve of the face, and it serves as the motor nerve of the muscles that control chewing.
Fifth Cranial Nerve
86
A reflex is a:
Automatic nerve reaction

Esthetician (18 decks)

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