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Esthetician > Chapter 2: Anatomy And Physiology > Flashcards

Chapter 2: Anatomy And Physiology Flashcards

1
Q

Estheticians should study and have a thorough understanding of anatomy and physiology because:

A

understand the effect that services will have on tissues, organs and body systems

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2
Q

Cells are made up of a colorless, jellylike substance called:

A

Protoplasm

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3
Q

The principle parts of a cell includes:

A

Nucleus, organelles, cell membrane.

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4
Q

Found in the center of the cell, and plays an important part in cell reproduction and metabolism is the:

A

Nucleus

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5
Q

Within the nucleus of a cell there is a fluid that contains proteins and a very important acid known as: 

A

DNA

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6
Q

The process in which cells reproduce by dividing into two identical cells called daughter cells:

A

Mitosis

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7
Q

Cells will continue to grow and thrive As long as conditions are favorable such as:

A

suitable temperature, ability to eliminate waste and products, adequate supply of nutrients, oxygen, and water.

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8
Q

Chemical process that body cells convert nutrients to energy so that the cell can function.

A

Metabolism

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9
Q

Fat or Adipose tissue gives:

A

Gives smoothness and contour to the body.

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10
Q

Is a collection of similar cells that perform a particular function

A

Tissue

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11
Q

Protective lining on the body and surfaces such as skin mucous membrane lining of the heart digestive and respiratory organs and glands:

A

Epithelial Tissue

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12
Q

Tissues that carry messages to and from the brain; control and coordinate all bodily function:

A

Nerve Tissue

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13
Q

Connective tissues….

A

Support
Protect
Bind together other tissues of the body

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14
Q

A collection of tissues that have an identifiable structure and that perform specific functions

A

Organs

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15
Q

Groups of organs that cooperate for a common purpose made not the welfare of the entire body is: 

A

Body Systems

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16
Q

The integumentary system is made up of:

A

Skin and it’s various accessory organs

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17
Q

The skeletal system is Comprised of

A

bones

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18
Q

How would you describe the circulatory system?

A

Controls the blood supply

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19
Q

The stomach and intestines are part of the:

A

Digestive System

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20
Q

The cranium is made up of:

A

8 bones

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21
Q

What bone forms the forehead?

A

Frontal Bone

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22
Q

Bones the form the sides and top of the cranium

A

Parietal Bones

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23
Q

Bones that form the sides of the head in the ear region

A

Temporal bones

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24
Q

Bones that Form the upper jaw

A

Maxillae Bones

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25
Q

Strongest bone of the face:

A

mandible

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26
Q

Forms the back of the skull:

A

Occipital Bone

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27
Q

Uppermost and Largest bone in your arm:

A

Humerus

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28
Q

3 parts of a muscle:

A

Origin
Belly
Insertion

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29
Q

Muscle that enables you the close your eyes:

A

Orbicularis Oculi

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30
Q

One of muscles in the jaw used for chewing is:

A

Masseter

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31
Q

The muscle that draws the eyebrows down and wrinkles the forehead vertically: 

A

Corrugator(KOR-uh-gayt-or)

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32
Q

Is a broad muscle extending from the chest and shoulder muscles to the side of the chin. it is responsible for lowering the lower jaw and lip

A

Platysma(plah-TIZ-muh)

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33
Q

The muscle extending along side of the neck from the air to the collarbone. It ask to rotate the head from side to side and up and down.

A

Sternocleidomastoid(STUR-noh-KLY-doh-MAS-toyd)

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34
Q

A large, triangular muscle covering the shoulder joint that allows the arm to extend outward into the side of the body:

A

Deltoid

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35
Q

Muscles produce the contour of the front and inner side of the upper arm ; they lift the forearm, flex the elbow, and turn the palms outward.

A

Biceps

36
Q

Muscle that turns the hand outwards and the palm upwards:

A

Supinators

37
Q

Muscles the straightens the wrist and fingers:

A

Extensors

38
Q

Muscles the draw and body part away from the midline of the body; separating the fingers:

A

Abductors

39
Q

Muscle that involves bending or flexing the wrist

A

Flexors

40
Q

Which part of the nervous system controls consciousness and many mental activities?

A

Central Nervous System

41
Q

Estheticians are primarily not concerned about this nerve:

A

The 8th nerve

42
Q

Which system carries oxygenated from the heart throughout the body and back to the heart again?

A

Systemic

43
Q

The blood is made out of:

A

red and white bloods cells, platelets and plasma.

44
Q

The system that protects the body from disease is?

A

Immune/lymphatic system

45
Q

The most complex organ of the endocrine system:

A

Pituitary Gland

46
Q

Secretes enzyme-producing cells that are responsible for digesting carbohydrates proteins and fats

A

Pancreas

47
Q

What is part of the female reproductive system?

A

Ovaries
Fallopian tubes
uterus
vagina

48
Q

Which hormone is dominate in males?

A

Testosterone

49
Q

Spongy tissues that exchanges air for carbon dioxide:

A

Lungs

50
Q

A part of the breathing cycle the pumps oxygen to the blood

A

Inhalation

51
Q

The act of moving food along the digestive tract

A

Peristalsis

52
Q

Responsible for eliminating waste from the body

A

Excretory System

53
Q

The skin purifies the body by:

A

Eliminating salt and minerals through perspiration.

54
Q

This organ discharges bile which breaks down digestive fat:

A

Liver

55
Q

Study of structures of the human body

A

Anatomy

56
Q

Study of the structure and composition of tissue:

A

Histology

57
Q

The study of the functions or activities Performed by the body structures:

A

Physiology

58
Q

Body system comprised of the largest organ of the body

A

Integumentary

59
Q

Body system to form the foundation of the body

A

Skeletal System

60
Q

When performing treatment you need to know which system controls the muscle movements on the face: 

A

Nervous System

61
Q

System that can pass on our genetics from one generation to the other:

A

Reproductive System

62
Q

Study of the structure, function, and pathology of the nervous system:

A

Neurology

63
Q

Subdivisions of the nervous system that controls your five senses:

A

Central Nervous System

64
Q

The system that has both sensory and motor nerves and carries messages to and from the central nervous system:

A

Peripheral Nervous System

65
Q

System that regulates muscles, responsible for respiration and the heart beating

A

Autonomic Nervous System

66
Q

Largest and most complex mass of nerve tissue in the body:

A

Brain

67
Q

Nerve endings on sensory nerves:

A

Receptors

68
Q

What is true about reflexes:

A

They are automatic

69
Q

What would not be found in the 5th cranial nerve?

A

Buccal Nerve

70
Q

Another name for the 7th cranial nerve:

A

Facial nerve

71
Q

Where would you find the posterior auricular nerve?

A

7th cranial nerve

Behind the ear at the base of the skull

72
Q

Cervical nerves originate in the…

A

Spinal cord

73
Q

Which nerve affects the little finger side of the arm and the palm of the hand?

A

Ulnar Nerve

74
Q

Nerve that can trigger sudden drop in blood pressure:

A

Vagus Nerve

75
Q

Blood vessels that connect the smaller arteries to venules:

A

Capillaries

76
Q

Largest artery in the body:

A

Aorta

77
Q

What do veins do?

A

Take waste products back to the heart and lungs for cleaning.

78
Q

What is not true about blood?

A

It eliminates

79
Q

Platelets are used to:

A

Contribute to the blood clotting process

80
Q

Main source of blood supply to the head, face and neck?

A

Common Carotid Arteries

81
Q

As an esthetician understand vessel locations can help you avoid:

A

Bruising during a treatment

82
Q

What does the liver do?

A

Secretes enzymes necessary for digestion.

83
Q

Fights infects and detoxifies the blood:

A

Spleen

84
Q

Not a function of the lymphatic system:

A

Carries fluid waste and impurities for the cell

85
Q

Chief sensory nerve of the face, and it serves as the motor nerve of the muscles that control chewing.

A

Fifth Cranial Nerve

86
Q

A reflex is a:

A

Automatic nerve reaction

Esthetician (18 decks)

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