Chapter 2

Question 1

affect is defined as

Answer 1

a broad range of feelings

Question 2

Ahmad is a determined employee who consistently believes that he controls his own career and destiny. Ahmad is exhibiting

Answer 2

a high core self-evaluation

Question 3

A(n) ________ individual is a person who is aggressively involved in a chronic incessant struggle to achieve more and more in less and less time.

Answer 3

type A

Question 4

Conscientiousness seems to be the only Big Five Personality factor that predicts

Answer 4

organizational citizenship behaviour (OCB).

Question 5

Dianne is extremely sociable, talkative, and assertive. According to the Big Five Personality Model, she is

Answer 5

an extravert

Question 6

Individuals with low levels of self-esteem

Answer 6

are more likely to seek approval from others.

Question 7

Josef has been an employee in your small business for the last two months. You have noticed that on the three occasions when you confronted Josef on missing equipment he at first denied it and then admitted to taking the items home. Josef has also told you that he thought it would be all right with you, even though he did not ask for your permission. You have also noticed that Josef has lied repeatedly to you about where he was on days when he was absent. In your latest discussion with Josef, he told you that any action is ethical, as long as the ends justify the means. Josef seems to have the personality characteristic known as

Answer 7

machiavelliansim

Question 8

Joseph is 54 years old and has been looking for work for 16 months. He is sure that he has been unable to obtain work because younger employees are more appealing to employers. If true, this is an example of

Answer 8

prejudice

Question 9

Kelly is a model employee. She always seems to exhibit emotions such as enthusiasm that the company as a whole sees as desirable. This is an example of

Answer 9

emotional labour

Question 10

Kerry was observing one of her underachieving employees, and was trying to decide whether her behaviour is caused by internal factors or external factors. This is consistent with ________ theory.

Answer 10

attribution

Question 11

low self-monitors

Answer 11

have a high behavioural consistency between who they are and what they do in every situation

Question 12

Peoples perceptions are influenced by the perceiver, the target, and the situation. The situation factor comprises

Answer 12

time

Question 13

Ramona sees herself as an effective person who is quite capable, and she generally likes herself. This is an example of

Answer 13

core self-evaluation

Question 14

Recent research suggests that negative emotions generally lead to

Answer 14

deviant behaviour

Question 15

Samir is aware that he has some weaknesses, but he typically tries to make himself feel better by convincing himself that others have the same weaknesses. Samir is engaged in

Answer 15

projection

Question 16

Simon has been feeling low for several days. He knows that he is supposed to express enthusiasm about his office relocation, but, in reality, the move has left him feeling low. He is experiencing

Answer 16

mood

Question 17

The most important reason why managers need to know how to measure personality is that research has shown that personality tests

Answer 17

are useful in hiring decisions

Question 18

The three rules used to determine whether or not behaviour is internally or externally caused are

Answer 18

distinctiveness, consensus, and consistency

Question 19

Tina is experiencing a lot of turmoil in her personal life. Nevertheless, although she did not feel like it, she always smiles at customers when they arrive. Tina is

Answer 19

surface acting

Question 20

Tonya sees herself as a person of many talents, and she likes to be the centre of attention. She is exhibiting

Answer 20

narcissism

Question 21

When a sales manager attributes the poor performance of his or her sales agents to laziness, rather than to the complexity of the project and the innovative products of the competitor, the sales manager is engaging in

Answer 21

the fundamental attribution error

Question 22

You are the recruiter for RESEARCH Inc., where your most recent task is to hire a research technician. You have set up an interview schedule to interview six applicants. You notice that in your assessment of the candidates you have been comparing them to one another. You are finding this to be an extremely long process and are not sure if this is very effective. You are

Answer 22

using contrast effects

Question 23

Your company, Exceptional Business Products, has expanded lately and just recently hired some 150 new recruits. Your department, where you are the direct sales manager, has hired approximately 30 of these new recruits. You have had to quickly draw conclusions about the skill level of new recruits in order to make training decisions. To do so, you have considered each recruits level of sociability. You

Answer 23

are using the halo effect

Question 24

Yvonne was bothered because many of her co-workers considered her to be lazy. As a result, she began to neglect her work responsibilities and spent most of her time making personal phone calls. This is an example of

Answer 24

a self-fulfilling prophency

Question 25

halo effect

Answer 25

drawing a general impression on an individual on the basis of a single characteristic

Question 26

big five personality model

Answer 26

extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, emotional stability, openness to experience

Question 27

type A

Answer 27

a personality with aggressive involvement in a chronic, incessant struggle to achieve more and more in less time and, if necessary, against the opposing efforts of other things or other people

Question 28

type B

Answer 28

a personality that is described as easy-going, relaxed, and patient

Question 29

deep acting

Answer 29

trying to modify ones true inner feelings to match what is expected