Chapter 2 Flashcards
What are atoms joined by?
Polar covalent bonds
What is a mixture?
A substance that is blended but not chemically combined
What is the shape of an atom?
V shaped with a 105 degree angle
What type of bonds do atoms form?
Hydrogen
What is solvency?
The ability to dissolve chemicals
What does hydrophobic mean?
Substances that don’t dissolve in water
What does hydrophilic mean?
Substances that dissolve in water
What is adhesion?
Tendency of a substance to cling to another
What is a colloid?
A mixture of medium sized particles in a solvent
What is suspension?
Has large particles mixed in a solvent
What is an emulsion?
A suspension of one liquid to another
What is concentration?
Measure of the amount of solute in a solution
What is an acid?
A proton donor
What is a base?
A proton acceptor
What is a chemical reaction?
Process in which a bond is formed or broken
What are catalysts?
Substances that hold substances in a favorable position to react
What is metabolism?
All the chemical reactions that take place in the body
What is catabolism?
Energy releasing decomposition reactions
What is anabolism?
Energy Storing reactions
What is organic chemistry?
The study of compounds of carbon
What are 4 organic molecules?
Carbs, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acid
What are the 5 functional groups?
Carboxyl, phosphate, hydroxyl, methyl, and amino groups
What is a polymer?
A molecule made up of monomers
What is polymerization?
Joining together of monomers by dehydration synthesis
What is the opposite of dehydration synthesis?
Hydrolysis
What bodily function is formed by hydrolysis?
Digestion
What’s a disaccharide?
2 monosaccharides
What’s a polysaccharides?
Long chains of glucose
What is glycogen?
Energy storage polysaccharides
What is cellulose?
Structural polysaccharides
What are lipids?
Hydrophobic molecules composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
What is a saturated fatty acid?
Has optimum amount of hydrogens
What does an unsaturated fatty acid have?
A double bond
What is a triglyceride?
3 fatty acids bonded to a glycerol
What does a phospholipid?
Hydrophobic tails and hydrophilic head
What is a protein?
A polymer of amino acids
What is a peptide?
Any molecule composted of 2 or more amino acids
What is a peptide?
Any molecule composted of 2 or more amino acids
What is a protein?
A polymer of amino acids
What is a protein?
A polymer of amino acids
What is a peptide?
Any molecule composted of 2 or more amino acids
