Chapter 2

Question 1

What are the routes of transmission for an infectious disease?

Answer 1

Direct Contact.
Indirect Contact.
Airborne.
Food Borne.
Vector Borne.

Question 2

What body fluid is most likely to expose the EMT to HIV?

Answer 2

Blood

Question 3

Which government body develops and publishes guidelines concerning reducing risk in the workplace?

Answer 3

Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)

Question 4

Which of the following diseases does not have an immunization available?

A. HIV
B. Measles
C. Tetanus
D. Hepatitis B

Answer 4

A. HIV

Question 5

What your body’s three sources of fuel?

Answer 5

Carbohydrates.
Fats.
Proteins.

Question 6

Sexually suggestive posters in the workplace would be considered what type of sexual harassment?

Answer 6

Hostile work environment.

Question 7

Reactions to stress that occur during a traumatic situation.

Answer 7

Acute stress reaction

Question 8

Treatments that increase the risk for transmission of infections that are spread through the air or by droplets; CPR is an example.

Answer 8

aerosol-generating procedure.

Question 9

Pathogenic microorganisms that are present in human blood and can cause disease in humans. Thees pathogens include hep B, HIV, and others.

Answer 9

blood borne pathogens

Question 10

A disease that can be spread from one person or species to another.

Answer 10

Communicable disease.

Question 11

While providing care to a patient, blood got onto the ambulance stretcher. Because the stretcher was not properly cleaned afterward, a virus was transmitted to another EMT several days later. Which route of transmutation does this scenario describe?

Answer 11

Indirect Contact

Question 12

After assessing a patient’s blood glucose level, you accidentally stick yourself with the contaminated lancet. You should:

A. immerse your wound in an alcohol-based solution.
B. report the incident to your supervisor after the call.
C. get immunized against hepatitis as soon as possible.
D. discontinue patient care and seek medical attention.

Answer 12

B. report the incident to your supervisor after the call.

Question 13

If you are exposed to a patient’s blood or other bodily fluid, your first action should be to:

A. report the incident to the infection control officer.
B. abandon patient care and seek medical attention.
C. transfer care of the patient to another EMS provider.
D. vigorously clean the are with soap and water.

Answer 13

C. transfer care of the patient to another EMS provider.

Question 14

Critical incident stress management (CISM) can occur at an ongoing scene in all of the following circumstances, except:

A. when personnel are assessed during periods of rest.
B. before personnel are preparing to reenter the scene.
C. when patients are actively being assessed or treated.
D. before leaving the scene after the incident is resolved.

Answer 14

C. when patients are actively being assessed or treated.

Question 15

Which of the following signs would indicate that your partner is experiencing significant stress?

A. Increased interest in daily activities
B. Isolation from the rest of the crew.
C. Hyperactivity during an EMS call.
D. Acute increase in appetite.

Answer 15

B. Isolation from the rest of the crew.

Question 16

Which of the following statements is most consistent with the bargaining phase of the grieving process?

A. “It is because of our lousy health care system hat I developed this brain tumor”
B. “ I will be compliant with all my medications if I can just see my grandson graduate”
C. I understand that my death is inevitable and I am ready to die when the time comes”
D. The doctors must be wrong in their diagnosis because I have always been healthy”

Answer 16

B. “ I will be compliant with all my medications if I can just see my grandson graduate”

Question 17

What are the 5 stages (types) of grief?

Answer 17

Bargaining.
Acceptance.
Depression.
Denial.
Anger.

Question 18

Common questions asked by patients with a serious illness or injury include all of the following, except:

A. “Am I going to die”
B. “Which hospital am I going to?”
C. “What are you doing to me?”
D. “Will I be permanently disabled?”

Answer 18

B. “Which hospital am I going to?”

Question 19

Common factors that influence how a patient reacts to the stress of an illness or injury include all of the following, except:

A. distrust of EMTs.
B. mental disorders.
C. history of chronic disease.
D. fear of medical personnel.

Answer 19

A. distrust of EMTs.

Question 20

Carbon monoxide blocks the ability of the blood to oxygenate the body because of it:

A. binds with the hemoglobin in red blood cells.
B. fills the alveoli in the lungs with thick secretions.
C. causes the body to expel too much carbon dioxide.
D. destroys the number of circulating red blood cells.

Answer 20

A. binds with the hemoglobin in red blood cells.

Question 21

You are transporting a veteran whose legs were amputated in the war. When calling your radio report to the emergency department, which of the following words would be the most appropriate to use when describing the patient?

A. Crippled
B. Disabled
C. Deformed
D. Handicapped.

Answer 21

B. Disabled

Question 22

Vector borne transmission of an infectious organism occurs via…

Answer 22

Animals or insects

Question 23

The simples, yet most effective method of preventing the spread of an infectious disease is to:

Answer 23

Wash your hands

Question 24

Prescription glasses do not provide adequate eye protection because they:

A. have large, rounded lenses.
B. are not secured with a strap.
C. offer little or no side protection.
D. do not have shatterproof lenses.

Answer 24

C. offer little or no side protection.

Question 25

When decontaminating the back of your ambulance after a call, you should:

A. allow surfaces to air dry unless otherwise indicated in the product directions.
B. use a bleach and water solution at a 1:2 dilution ratio to thoroughly wipe all surfaces
C. Clean all surfaces and patient contact areas with a mixture of alcohol and water.
D. Spray the contaminated areas and then immediately wipe them dry with a towel.

Answer 25

A. allow surfaces to air dry unless otherwise indicated in the product directions.

Question 26

Which of the following is the most significant factor in determining whether a person will become ill from certain germs.

A. Age
B. Race
C. Gender
D. Immunity

Answer 26

D. Immunity

Question 27

Which of the following infectious diseases confers no protection from reinfection after exposure?

A. Mumps
B. Rubella
C. Syphillis
D. Chickenpox

Answer 27

C. Syphillis

Question 28

A positive TB skin test indicates that:

Answer 28

You have been exposed to TB bacteria at some point.

Question 29

A critical incident stress debriefing should be conducted no longer than ________ hours following the incident.

Answer 29

72

Question 30

Quid pro quo, a type of sexual harassment, occurs when the harasser:

Answer 30

Request sexual favors in exchange for something else.

Question 31

The most serious consequence of drug or alcohol abuse among EMS personnel is:

Answer 31

Impaired patient care and increased risk to patient safety.

Question 32

The capacity of an individual to cope with and recover from stress is called:

Answer 32

Resilience

Question 33

The most important consideration at the scene of a hazardous materials incident is:

Answer 33

Ensuring personal safety and being a safe distance from the hazardous materials.

Question 34

Hazards that are associated with a structural fire include all of the following except:

A. smoke and toxic gases
B. Carbon dioxide deficiency
C. high ambient temperatures
D. risk of building collapse.

Answer 34

B. Carbon dioxide deficiency

Question 35

The most effective way to preserve your own body that when function in cold, wet weather is to:

Answer 35

Wear at least three layers of clothing

Question 36

The spread of HIV and hepatitis in the healthcare setting can usually be traced to:

A. careless handling of scraps.
B. lack of proper immunizations.
C. excessive blood splashing or splattering
D. noncompliance with standard precautions

Answer 36

A. careless handling of scraps.

Question 37

Vaccination against the hepatitis A virus is unnecessary if you:

Answer 37

have been infected with hep A in the past

Question 38

General adaptation syndrome is characterized by which of the following phases?

A. Alarm response, reaction and resistance, and recovery
B. Delayed action, alarm response, and physical recovery.
C. Reaction and resistance, euphoria, and physical exhaustion
D. Immediate reaction, psychological exhaustion, and recovery

Answer 38

A. Alarm response, reaction and resistance, and recovery

Question 39

You have been working at the scene of a major building collapse for eight hours. Many injured people are still being removed, and everyone is becoming frustrated and losing focus. This situation is most effectively managed by:

A. providing large amounts of caffeine to the rescue workers.
B. requesting a CISM team to provide on-scene peer support.
C. conducting a critical incident stress debriefing the next day.
D. allowing each worker to sleep in 15 to 30 minute increments.

Answer 39

B. requesting a CISM team to provide on-scene peer support.

Question 40

What should you do before attempting to access a patient trapped in a vehicle?

A. Check for other patients.
B. Ensure the vehicle is stable.
C. Request another ambulance.
D. Contact medical control.

Answer 40

B. Ensure the vehicle is stable.

Question 41

Characteristics of eustress following dispatch to a high-speed motor vehicle collision may include:

A. the inability to remain focused, because the task at hand is demanding.
B. short term loss of energy due to the high physical demands of the job.
C. Increased self-image from performing well under a challenging situation.
D. long-term feelings of being overwhelmed by the nature of the call.

Answer 41

C. Increased self-image from performing well under a challenging situation.