Chapter 2 Flashcards
Recognize and identify Hazmat
’’’ PERSONNEL often work in the following:
Fire
Law enforcement
public work
public service
social service
industry and transport
Awareness personnel
’’’ are expected to recognize the presence of Hazmat materials. 31
Awareness personnel
the order of the following clues to presence of ‘’’ generally represent an increaseing level of risk:
- Locations, occupancy types, pre-incident survey
- basic container info
- placards, markings, labels
- non transport hazmat marking
- Hazard info reference source
- sensory clues victim signs and symptoms
- monitoring and detection devices p. 32
Hazardous materials
’’ are better known as gasoline, diesel, oil, natural gas in liquid or gas form
Hydrocarbons
most Hazardous material are
hidden in plan site
Awareness level personnel should be familiar with transportation locations and ‘’
types of hazmat shipment that come through their jurisdication
Transport mode of Hazardous material
roadways
railway
waterway
airways
pipelines. 33
Awareness level personnel should pay attention to water levels in rivers and tidal areas, many accidents occur because ‘’ were not considered .
flow volume and tidal conditions
One Hazmat material reach wetlands what happens x3
it becomes a moving incident and is extremely difficult to contain, confine and mitigate p. 35
Any building with a fume hood ( or stack) problem has ?
a functioning laboratory inside it. Hazmat materials used inside.36
Many drugs pose an””” , even in dormat states, this risk comes from:
external package contaminate
lack package integrity
particle size may not be contained by package
instability of chemical process itself
immediate threat to life
what is a synthetic opioid used as a heroin substitute can be found in poweder, tablets , capsule , soultion and rock form
fentanyl
symptoms of fentanyl include
slow /trouble breathing
dizziness
trouble talking/walking
drowsiness /unresponsiveness
miosis ( pinpoint pupils ) p. 37
’’’’ Surveys identify the following items :
exposures ( pp, property, environment)
Hazmat type, quantities, manager, location s
building features ( location of fixed fire systems)
site characteristics
access/egress
inherent limitations of response orgs
24 hour number of responsible partys
site response capability
Pre-incident
colorless, orderless and tasteless .. Initial symptoms are headache, lightheadedness and confusion is what ?
Carbon monoxide p. 38
non bulk vs bulk:
LIQUID:
SOLID
GAS
liquid : 119 g (450L) or less = non bulk above 119 = bulk
solid : mass of 882(400kg) or a capacity of 119lbs (450k) or less is non bulk above is bulk
gas: a water capacity of 1000 lbs ( 454kg) or less is non bulk above is bulk
what refers to a packaging, other than a vessel ( ship) or barge, in which materials are loaded with no intermediate form of containment. ( cargo tank, railcar, portable tank )
bulk packaging p. 39
examples of non bulk packaging are
drums, boxes, carboys and bags
Products in a pressurized container may be:
G
LS
G I L
gas, liquified gas or gas dissolved in liquid.
pressurized containers have the potential to be more dangerous than ‘’ ALSO KNOWN AS ‘’’
non pressure storage tanks( also known as atmospheric tanks )
the term Non-pressurized does not mean ??
an absence of pressure ( al containers have pressure pending weight and volume inside p. 40
’’’ container features include the following :
rounded, almost spherical ends
bolted access points/hatches
bolted protective housing
pressure relief devices
pressure gauges
Pressure
non pressurized or low pressure containers are found in a variety of configurations from .. B
B
D
RT
RC
FFT
bags, bottles, drums to road trailers, rail cars and fixed facility tanks p. 41
what shape containers offer uniform stress distribution and highly efficient pressurized storage for gases kept in liquid form
spherical shape ( ball like shape )
what shape container is an indicator that it is under high pressure.
spherical
potential hazards with Spherical , circular, cylinder, horizontal, cylindrical w/ rounded ends , low pressure small cylindrical, oval cross section containers, horseshoe-shape are x 5
T
A
E
F
C
Toxic
asphyxiant, energetic, flammable , corrosive
what containers have flat ends and a larger diameter than height , its content indicate atmospheric or low pressure
circular container with flat ends
a what cylinder W/ cone bottom and elevated legs, small in diameter than height is not indicative of any specific hazard ; it could have ‘’’
vertical cylinder with cone bottom / anything
the cone shaped bottom is particularly useful in depending what x3 products
solids, slurry and liquids p. 45
What cylinder w/ flats ends and elevated w/legs indicates atmospheric to low pressure liquid storage
horizontal cylinder w/flat ends
all liquid containers have ‘’ amounts of pressure
low
what cylinders with rounded ends near railroads and roadways indicate pressurized content
cylindrical w/ round ends p. 46
what shaped cylindrical truck w. visible external reinforcing ribs may transport item with variety f hazards
smaller cylindrical with slightly rounded ends with reinforcing rings
what ‘’ cross- section with flat or nearly flat ends indicates non pressurized container
oval
what shaped cross section with flat or nearly flat ends indicates low pressure containers ( normally carries liquid )
horseshoe shape
containers w/ a box cabinet at the rear of the cantainer are also known as thermos bottle containers
thermos bottle
what is refrigerated liquid gas ? turns to liquid below -130f
cryogen
only difference with cryogen containers regarding potential hazards are
thermal ( cold) p. 47
Cryogens can displace oxygen and become
asphyxiation
what containers may carry mixed cargo , contents may be either bulk or non.. Non bulk can be anything in small packages or boxes
rectangular 48
class 1
explosives
class 2
gases
class 3
flammable liquids
class 4
flammable solids
class 5
oxidizing substances and organic peroxides
class 6
toxic and infectious substances
class 7
radioactive materials
class 8
corrosive substances
class 9
miscellaneous
what is any substance or article w/ a significant potential energy that may rapidly expand
explosive p. 49
What are reactive and may release energy in the form of light, gas or heat
explosive
how may divisions are in class 1:
ME
P/F
FH
NBH
VI
EI
- mass explosion
- projectile/fragment
3.fire hazard - no significant blast hazard
- very insensitive
- extremely insensitive
what placards are the only hazard class w/ compatibility group letters ?
explosives
what ‘’ GROUP LETTER specify the control for the transportation, separation, and storage of explosives
compatibility group letter
explosives will typically be packaged as a ?
solid
what is an example of a explosive that is a liquid
binary explosives
what are the primary hazards of explosives ?
thermal and mechanical
what rapidly released gases can create a shock wave that travels outward from the center , as the wave increases in distance its strength decreases. ( primary reason for injuries/damages )
blast pressure wave
small pieces of debris thrown from a container or structure that ruptures during an explosion from containment or restricted blast pressure.
shrapnel and fragmentation
Vibrations is similar to an earthquake, can cause a semis effect is what
seismic effect p. 50
Occurs during an explosion when thermal heat energy forms a fireball
incendiary thermal effect
additional hazards unrelated to the ‘’’ include:
chemical hazards result form toxic gases/vapors
explosive may self contaminate , increases sensitivity /instability
explosives may have high sensitivity to shock and friction
Explosion
gases are transported or stored in ? x2
pressure containers or cryogenic liquid storage tanks
how many division in class 2:
FG
NFG
TG
- flammable gases
- nonflammable , non toxic gas
- toxic gases
potential hazard w/gas include
flammable or oxidizer
other potential hazards with class 2 include
H
A
C
M
C
heat hazards
asphyxiation hazard
cold hazard
mechanical hazard(bleve)
chemical hazard p. 52
what many divisions for class 3
none
primary hazards of’’ and ‘’ liquids are chemical energy, corrosivity , and toxicity
some examples are:
thermal hazards
asphyxiations
chemical hazard
mechanical
vapors
environmental hazards ( pollution )
Flammable and combustible liquids
what material maybe liquid or solids which can ignite within five mins after coming in contact with air
spontaneously combustible materials p. 54
how many divisions in class 4
- flammable solids
- spontaneously combustible materials
- dangerous when wet
class 4 materials often react in unexpected ways during extinguishment
violently
Primary hazards of class 4 materials are x4 and some examples include
C, M, C , T
EX:
exs:
thermal hazards
fires that may start or reignite spontaneously
fire or vapor explosion
molten substances
chemical haz
severe chem burns
mechanical effects ( bleve)
environmental haz
chemical energy , mechanical , corrosivity and toxicity
chemical hazards forms from ‘’’ include:
Production of :
production of hydrogen gas solution from contact w. metal
production of corrosive solution on contact with water 4.3
production of flammable gas on contact with water 4.3
class 4
what materials are liquid or solids that readily give off oxygen or other oxidizing substances
oxidizing materials p. 56
what vigorously supports combustion, may be explosive, and when combined with fuel, may burn continuously
oxidizers
what are oxidizers with specific chemical composition that make them prone to reactivity
organic peroxide
what are both fuel and an oxidizer and because of this, they are reactive.
organic peroxide
organic peroxide should be stored below ?
max safe storage temp ( msst)
if Organic peroxides reach what ?? they undergo a chemical change and may violently Erupt from their package
self accelerating decomposition p. 57
how many division in class 5 ?
- oxidizer
- organic peroxides
primary hazards of class 5 include
T
E
M
C
T
A
thermal
explosive reaction to fuel
mechanical haz
chem haz
thermal haz
asphyxiation haz p. 58
class 6 materials and substances include P,I,I
poison, inhalation haz and infectious substances
class 6 substance include viable ? that can cause severe, disabling or fatal disease in humans and animals
microorganisms or toxins
how many divisions is class 6
- toxic substance
- infectious substance
- =
poison
infectious material are shipped in what”” no “” only “”
small container , no placard for them only a label. 59
primary hazards for class 6 material are
toxicity , inhalations haz and disease
secondary hazards of class’’ materials are:
toxic hazards
chem haz
thermal haz (transport in molten )
thermal haz ( flammability and fires ) p. 60
6
what cannot be detected with sense
radioactive materials
how many divisions for class 7
none
primary hazards of class ‘’’
radiation burns
illness
cancer
fire may produce irritating or poisonous gases
7
foreign placard may also have UN identification in place of the word
radioactive p. 61
Labeling of radioactive materials packages is required, it must be on ?
2 opposite sides, with a distinctive warning label
3 of the radioactive labels are
radioactive white -1
radioactive yellow-2
radioactive yellow -3 p. 62
class 7 ‘’ 1-3 labels and fissile label must always contain the following Additional info ?
IN
R
TI
isotope name
radioactive actively in international system
transportation index
what can be liquid or solid and cause full thickness destruction of human skin at the site on contact within a specific period of time or a liquid that has a severe corrosion rate of steel or aluminum
corrosive substance
some ‘’ can react with metal to cause a fire , different types can react violently when mixed with water or together
corrosive
corrosives can be what ?
T,F,R,E some O
toxic flammable, reactive and or explosive some oxidizers p. 63
Primary hazard of class 8 materials are
C
T
T
M
chemical , toxic, thermal and mechanical
what presents a hazard during transportation but does not meet the definition of any other hazard class
miscellaneous goods p. 64
examples of class 9 are
lithium batteries
polychlorinated biphenyls
hazardous waste
class 9 will be what hazards
thermal or chemical p. 65
a dangerous placard indicates a
mixed load of hazmat classes
’’’ placard is mainly applied to:
highways, rail, ocean containers ( used for domestic /international transport of hazmat )
Dangerous
WHAT ‘’ placard is used with the following requirements:
Contains NON BULK packages
‘2 oR more hazard classes
gross weigh less than 1000
Dangerous
U.S title 49 of the code of federal regs requires placards on
transportation containers, cargo tanks, tank cars, and trailers
placards are what shape and size
diamond and 9,84 inches p. 66
Placard colors mean
orange -
yellow -
red-
white
blue
green
explosive
oxidizer/reactives
flammable
health haz
water reactive
non flammable gas
4 digit UN number is used to
identify hazmat chemicals or classes worldwide
WHAT the # can be displayed on the following:
placard ( only if if all the hazmat stuff is the same )
separate placard of same stuff
orange panel near the placard
white diamond shaped display near the hazard class placard p. 67
UN
what section of the ERG provides a key to the 4 digit identification #
yellow bordered
the 4 digit UN/NA # will also appear
shipping papers, should match # displayed on tank or container
ERG does not list any # below
1000
4 steps to hazard recognition include identifying regarding placards :
- background color of the placard
- hazard class # at the bottom of placard
- UN/NA identification #
- Pictogram at the top of the placard p. 68
Orange panel on intermodal tanks and containers may have 2 sets of numbers. Top part contains ? bottom ?
top - 2 or 3 #’s or codes required under european and south america
bottom is a 4 digit un/na identification number
The tops #’s indicates the following hazards
2-
3-
4
5-
6-
7-
8-
9-
2- emissions of gas
3- flammability of liquids vapors and gases
4- flammability of solids
5- oxidizing
6-toxicity or risk infection
7-Radioactivity
8 - corrosvity
9 - miscellaneous dangerous substance
when 9 appears as a second or 3rd # such as 339 the product has a risk of what
spontaneous violent reaction
when hazards acociated w/ material is adequately indicated by a single # it is followed by ?
A zero such as 30, 40 …
double a number like 33, 44, indicates ?
intensification of that particular hazard
if there is a 3rd number it indicates
additional special hazard
what does the X ( ex X88) indicate MATERIAL WILL REACT ‘’ W/ ‘’
material will react dangerously with water
The orange labels are ‘’ shaped, and measure ‘’
dimond , 3.9 inches p. 69
labels provide similar info as
vehicle placards
Labels provide similar information as vehicle plackcards however there are some unique labels for which they are no equivalent, plackcards labels for the nine hazardous classes and subdivisions are essentially the same as their plackcolor counterparts. There are a few exceptions such as. ‘’’ which always contain text.
class 7 and 6
a marking is required on the outer packing of ‘’
non bulk hazardous material
a marking contains any of the following:
N
ID
W/S
I,C
name
ID #
weight or specification
instructions, cautions or un marks
What markings are found on structures or containers that have been or are undergoing treatment for pest control or mold
fumigation
on fumigant markings the * is replaced with the ?
technical name of fumigant p. 70
Shipment of materials that are poisonous by inhalation ( PIH) require the ‘’’ marking
Inhalation hazard marking
The ‘’ Marking is used for elevated temperatures materials such as x4
HOT
molten sulfur, roofing and road tar and molten aluminum
molten aluminum is shipped at what temp
1300
lithium batteries present both x2 hazards
chemical and electrical
lithium battery is susceptible to ‘’ a chain reaction leading to a violent release of its stored energy
thermal runaway p.71
Biohazard marking is used on
bulk packaging containing regulated medical waste
how many miles of pipeline in north america, predominant product found is ‘’ :
‘’’’ include:
- petroleum liquids or gas
anhydrous ammonia
carbon dioxide
ethanol
hydrogen gas
sour crude oil or sour gas
2.7 mil
gas
exceptions
pipeline markers may look diff, but signs provides the same info including
product
operator
24 hour # p. 72
’’’’’ - facility markings and labels include a number of markings system. these marking may include:
labels
labeling systems
colors
color codes
signs of indication
non transportation or fixed
what NFPA is the standard for identification of Hazards of materials for emergency response
704 p. 74
The NFPA 704 severity rating are arranged on a diamond- shaped marker or sign. the top 3 quadrants rep 3 hazards categories and are normally color coded as following :
Health -
flammability
instability
blue
red
yellow
Special hazards symbols are located in the bottom quadrant of the diamond. mostly white , only 3 special hazard symbols are presently authorized for use in this position what are they and what do they stand for
W- reactivity with water
OX- materials is an oxidizer
SA- simple asphyxiant p. 76
what system made by U.N. is a worldwide initiative to promote standard criteria for classifying chemical hazards
globally harmonized system of classification and labeling of chemicals( GHS )
2 purposes of is:
1. promote common criteria for classifying chems accrued to health, physical and environmental hazards.
2. encourages use of compatible hazard labels, SDS sheets previously know as material safety sheets.
GHS Globalized harmonized system
what requires employers to identify, classify and communicate hazards in the workplace and train employees to recognize those hazards
OSHA
what is commonly used proprietary system developed by american coating association in order to comply with HCS
hazardous materials identification systems ( HMIS ) p. 77
what are unique numerical identifiers assigned to individuals chemicals and chemicals componds, polymers, mixtures and alloys
CAS numbers
most chemical databases are searchable by ‘’ # and typical include on SDS sheets
CAS #p. 78
examples of ‘’ statements are:
harmful if swallowed
high flammable liquid/vapor
harmful to aquatic life
Hazardous statements
a symbol inside a diamond with a red border, denoting a particular hazard class
pictogram p. 81
phase/statment that describes recommended measure that should be taken to minimize or prevent adverse effects resulting from exposure to a hazardous product or importer storage or handling of hazardous products
precautionary statement
names or #’s used on a hazardous product label or in safety data sheet .. identify the chemical or mixture
product identifiers p. 82
one word used to indicate the relative severity of a hazard and alert the reader to potential hazard on label or SDS is ?? GHS defines 2 words which are they, the current EPA uses a 3rd word which is
signal word
danger
warning (less )
caution
EPA requires a warning label on any containers, transformers or capacitors that contain
polychlorinated biphenyl - they cause cancer p. 83
what facilities should have SDS sheets, inventory records and other facility Doc’s in addition to signs, markings, container shapes and other labels .
fixed
osha’s hazard comm standard ( HCS) requires US employers to maintain chem inventory list on what
all hazardous material p. 84
shipment of hazardous materials must be accompanied by ‘’ that describe them
shipping papers ex. bill of lading , waybill
ISHP stands for
identification #
Proper shipping name
Hazard class
Packing group p. 85
appropriate location for shipping papers on planes and trucks are .. on ships and barges ?
near driver or pilot
bridge or pilothouse of controlling tugboat
every railcar has a unique # known as ?? this serial # identify the car independent of every rail car
reporting marks. 86
’’ use what to identify’’ commodities:
standard transpiration commodity codes STCC
hazardous material response code HMRS
railroads
trains
Hazardous material response codes ( HMRS ) are ‘’ codes beginning with either ‘’
7 digits beginning with 48 or 49
standard transpiration commodity codes STCC are a ‘’ digit article or commodity description code
7 digit article or commodity description code
When HMRS begin with 48 the commodity is a
hazardous waste
WHEN HMRS BEGINS WITH 49 the commodity is a
hazardous material
what is a detailed info bulletin prepared by chems manufacturer that has 16 types of specific info
SDS p. 87
what are often the best sources of detailed info about a particular material to which a emergency responders have access
SDS
SDS section 1 -
identification
SDS section 2-
HI
hazard identification
SDS section 3
C/I ON I
composition/info on ingredients
SDS section 4
FA
first aid
SDS section 5
FF measures
SDS section 6:
A R M
accidental release measures
SDS section 7:
H AND S
handling and storage
SDS section 8:
EC/PP
exposure control/personal protection
SDS section 9:
P AND C PROPERTIES
physical and chemical properties
SDS section 10:
S AND R
stability and reactivity
SDS secTion 11
TI
toxicological info
SDS sEction 12
ecological info
SDS section 13
DC
disposal consideration
SDS secTion 14
transport info
SDS section 15:
RI
regulatory info
SDS section 16
other info
what is an electronic resource that may be downloaded free of charge from National institutional of health that provide info on :
chem identification
characteristics of chemo
health haz
containment advice
Wirless info systems for emergency responders ( Wiser ) p. 89
what sense should never be used to detect Haz material
touch, taste and smell only use sight and hearing
’’ property of chems include visible gas clouds, orders or irritating fumes
warning
what is the safest of the 5 senses
sight p. 92
signs and symptoms can include any or all of
change in respiration
level of consciousness
abdmonial distress
activity level change
visual disturbance
skin chnag e
change in excretion or thirst
painn p. 92
