Chapter 1 Flashcards
Into 2 Haz
when uncontrolled or unconfined, they may be harmful to people and or the environment and are deemed
Hazardous materials
when dangerous Hazmat materials are used as eaopns, they are sometimes referred to as
weapons of mass destruction
Any weapon or device intended or has capability to cause death or serious bodily injury to a significant # of pp through the release, dissemination or impact of toxic or poisonous chemicals or their precursors, a disease organism, or radiation or radioactivity .
WMD
CBRNE stands for
chemical,Biological, radiological, nuclear or explosive weapons. p. 7
a ‘’ is an emergency involving a substance that poses an unreasonable risk to people, the environment, and or property.
hazmat incident
possible causes of Hazmat incidents include :
Human ‘’
‘’ accidents
‘’ breakdown/malfuntions
‘’ failure
‘’ acts
‘’ incidents
human error
transportation
mechanical
container failure
deliberate acts
( criminal /chemical )
wMD
COBRA stands for
CHEMICAL
ORDINANCE
Biological
RADIOLOGICAL AGENT
B-NICE STANDS FOR
BIOLOGICAL
NUCLEAR
INCENDIARY
CHEMICAL
EXPLOSIVE
NBC
NUCLEAR
BIOLGICAL
CHEMICAL
WMD describes what kind of attacks?
C.B.R
chemical, biological and radiological. 8
Most common Hazmat incidents involve:
FG
FL
C
AA
C
flammable gas
flammable/combustible liquids
corrosive
anhydrous ammonia
chlorine
TRACEM-P STANDS FOR
Thermal, radiological, asphyxiation, chemical, ethnological/biological mechanism and psychological
exposure to heat /cold in extremes, heat from fires or chemical reactions, extreme cold from liquified gases refers to what out of TRACEM-P
THERMAL
EXPOSURE TO MATERIAL SWHICH SPONTANEOUSLY EMIT IONING RADIATION REFERS TO WHAT REGARDING TRACEM-P
RADIOLOGICAL
Oxygen deficient atmosphere, can be caused by displacement of oxygen is ?
simple asphyxiating
many toxic substance, such as carbon monoxide, that cause pathological changes within the body by preventing the proper use of oxygen is ?
chemical asphyxiating p. 9
Negative effects from exposure to chem’s or toxic material ( poisoning from pesticides/biological toxins , respiratory system injury from inhalation hazard, corrosive damage from contact with acids /alkaline is what regarding tracem-p
chemical
injury or harm cause by human pathogens ( bacterial or viruses)
- poisonous plant /animals is what regarding tracem-p
etiological or biological
physical hazard from flying debris from explosion, trips or falls on uneven ground and noise resulting in loss of hearing is what regarding tracem-p
mechanical
mental harm caused by fear of the unknown / seeing a violet event is what regarding tracem-p
psychological
Main routes of entry are ?
inhalation, ingestion, absorption and injection
most common exposure route is ?
inhalation
areas of absorption on your body:
E
N
M
W
E
H
G
U
eyes, noise, mouth, wrist, ears, hands, grins and underarms p. 10
Transfer of hazardous material to person, equipment and the environment in greater than acceptable quantiles is..
Hazards material has to touch or be touched by another object
contamination
Hazardous material has entered or potentially entered your body via the routes of entry is…
exposure p. 11
what occurs when contaminants are moved from one location to another
cross contamination or ( secondary contamination )
You can be ‘’ you can not be ‘’
decontaminated not de-exposed
single exposure or several related exposures to a substance in a short period of time is what kind of exposure ( short-term effects appear within hours or day )
acute
long term reoccurring that take years to appear like cancer
chronic p. 12
U.s national toxicology program prepares a report on ‘’’ what are the substances found to be ‘’’’ in humans ?
acetaldehyde, chloroform, progesterone and polychlorinated biphenyls.. diesel fuel was added i 2018
carcinogens
what % of FF get cancer
68 %
what can reduce carcinogens by 85 %
soap and water
Basic principles of decon
get it off keep it off and contain it p. 13
what personnel is typical at the scene when the incident occurs , limited defense actions ( call for help, evacuate , secure scene )
awareness level personnel
what level operations level are dispatched to the scene in order to protect the area, property and person ? They are allowed to perform defensive actions, but with some exceptions, they are not expected to come in direct contact with the hazardous materials referred to as emergency responders..
first responders operational level
what operation level has additional defensive tasks and limited offensive actions. ( able to use special equipment, perform tasks when come into contact w/ Hazmat material
First responders with operations mission specifics
’’ Typically at the incident When it occurs, for example, industrial personnel or utility workers witness incident perform a limited, defensive action, such as calling for help you evacuating hazard area secure.
awareness level
WHAT ‘’ personal are expected to assume the following responsibilities regarding Hazmat ?
- recognize that hazmat is present
- protect themselves /others
- call for appropriate assistance
- est scene control by isolating p.15
awareness level
First responders use risk based response made known as ?
APIE-T
APIE-T stand for
analyze, plan , implement, evaluate and terminate
awareness personnel must always exercise ‘’
situational awareness
’’’ personnel are not responsible for what step:
plan the initial response
evaluate progress
termination of incident
awareness
’’’’ personnel are expected to do the following at hazmat incidents:
- isolate and deny entry
- protect themselves and others
- comm info to right authorities p. 16
awareness
Responders who respond to Hazmat release or potential ones as part of there normal duties.. expected to respond defensively
responders trained and certified to the operations level
Operations first responder
’’’ must be able to:
identify hazard
identify respond options
implement the planned response
evaluate the progress
Operation first responders
’’ are expected to identify potential hazards which include:
type of container
hazardous material
hazards presented by materal
potential behavior of the material. 17
Operations first responders
’’’ are expected to establish:
Incident management system
scene control
implement protective actions p. 19
operations first responders
a document detailing procedures for implementing, complying with and enforcing a law
regulation
what are any systematically grouped laws, regs or standards
codes
What are the U.S main agencies involved in the regulation of hazmat and or wastes at fed level
dept of labor ( DOL)
environmental protection agency ( EPA )
dept of transport ( dot )
nuclear regulatory commission ( NRC) p. 20
Standards are discussed and agreed upon by
nfpa, American national standards ANSI
what is an independent org formed by standards writers and users that manages the volume standard system in the U.S. ?
ALL STANDARDS ARE ‘’’’’ BUT OFTEN ADOPTED ..
ANSI, all standards are voluntary but often adopted by agencies with enforcing ( osha ) p. 22
ANSI administers 2 accrediatited programs which are:
IS
AS
international standard
conference for food protection accreditation standard
Job performance requirements ( JPR) in this standard are recommendations not lawns or regulations, unless ‘’ adopted them as such
AHJ p. 23
who’s is responsible for developing an emergency plan for disasters in Hazmat locally, also provide the initial emergency response through services like FD
local emergency committees ( LEPC)p. 24
First responders certified to the hazardous materials awareness level IS USALLY
1st at the scene
