Chapter 2 Flashcards
Work system
A system in which humans participants and/ or machines perform work using IT and other resources to produce products and/or services for internal and external customers
Clients
People who recieve, use or directly benefit from products or services s work system produces
- add new customers or eliminate existing ones
- changes customer expectations/experience/ type of relationship
Products and services
A combo pf physical things, info systems, and services that a work system produces for its various customers
-change info content/ physical content/type of service/ controllability by the customer/ increase or decrease customization
Work practices
Activities within the ws
Change of roles/ to business rules/ improve business process/ add new functions
Participants
Persons who carry out the work
New participants
Change org structure/ social relations/ interdependence in doing work/ amount of pressure/ skill required
Information
Codified and non codified info that is used and created during participants work
Provide direct info
Codify uncodified info
Eliminate info
Change info quality
Technologies
Tools that help people work more efficently
Upgrade software/hardwar
Incorporate new tech
Change interface
Environment
The organizational, cultural, competitive, technical and regulatory environment in which the ws operates
Infrastructure & services
Human, informational and technical resources in which the ws depends, even if these resources are managed outside the system and shared with other ws
Strategies
High level guiding principles and decisions within which a ws is designed and operated
IS VS WS
An IS is a WS whose practices are devoted to processing information
Work system lifecycle model
The ws pyramid is useful for summarizing a works system operation and scope, analyzing a work system and identifying potentially beneficial changes
Wslm - useful for understanding how those changes occur and how work system evolve over time
The work system lifecycle
A ws evolves through several iterations of 4 phases:
Operation and maintenance- involves the ongoing operation of the work system after implementation and during small adjustments
Initiation - the process of defining the need for significant change in a ws and the general descriptions on how the changes in the ws will meet the need
Development - process of defining and creating or obtaining the tools, docs, procedures and more needed before the desired changes can be implemented
Implementation- making a new system operation in the organization
Common pitfalls of wslc
Operations and maintenance- nonmanagement(system works without monitoring performance)/non-adaption(lack of support for continuous improvement through observation)/non-maintenance(non-compliance)
Initiation: techno-centrism/tech as a solution/ responsibility waiver
Development: design as desired/overstructuring
Implementation: timetable more important/ seeing resistance as a problem/ no explanation why changes
The was work systems change
Planned change- occurs through a full iteration of the four phases
Unplanned change- occurs within any phase
