Chapter 2 Flashcards
Marijuana’s main psychoactive ingredient
Tetrahydrocannabinol
Consuming five or more alcohol drinks in a row on a single occasion
Binge drinking
The consumption of 10 or more alcoholic drinks in a row or 15 or more drinks in a row on a single occasion
Extreme binge drinking
When knowledge of adverse drug consequences experienced by a particular generation or population is lost by the younger cohort
Generational forgetting
From the American Psychiatric Association’s DSM-5; term used by clinicians and psychiatrists for diagnosing mental disorders, combines substance abuse and substance dependence into a single condition called substance use disorder
substance use disorder
Type of substance-related disorder that involves problems such as intoxication, withdrawal, and other substance- or medication-induced mental disorders
Substance-induced disorders (addictive disorders)
Belief that people abuse alcohol because they choose to do so
Moral model
Belief that people abuse alcohol because of some biologically caused condition
Disease model
View of chemical dependency as a symptom of problems in the development or operation of the system of needs, motives, and attitudes within the individual
Characterological or personality predisposition model
Broad category of psychiatric disorders, formally called character disorders, that includes the antisocial personality disorder, borderline personality disorder, schizoid personality disorder, and others; these serious, ongoing impairments are difficult to treat
Personality disorders
Theory of personality and method of psychotherapy originated by Sigmund Freud and focused on unconscious forces and conflicts and a series of psychosexual stages
Psychoanalysis
Adaptation to pain and avoidance of reality, in which the individual withdraws emotionally and further anesthetizes him- or herself by chemical means
“Double wall” of encapsulation
Explanations of addiction in terms of genetic brain dysfunction and biochemical patterns
Genetic and biophysiological theories
How drug substances alter and affect the brain’s mental functions
Psychoactive effects
Chemical messengers released by nervous (nerve) cells for communication with other cells
Neurotransmitters