Chapter 1 Flashcards

1
Q

People on the inside; those who approve of or use drugs or both

A

Insiders

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

People on the outside; those who don’t approve of or don’t use drugs

A

Outsiders

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Drug compounds (substances) that affect the central nervous system and alter consciousness or perceptions

A

Psychoactive drugs (substances)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Part of the nervous system composed of the spinal cord and brain that is responsible for integrating sensory information and responding accordingly

A

Central nervous system (CNS)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Generally refers to the psychological attachment to a drug; addiction to “harder” drugs such as heroin results in both psychological and physical attachment to the chemical properties of the drug, with the resulting satisfaction (reward) derived from using the drug in question

A

Addiction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Psychological and physical symptoms that result when a drug is absent from the body; physical symptoms are generally present in cases of drug dependence to more addictive drugs such as heroin; physical and psychological symptoms of withdrawal include perspiration, nausea, boredom, anxiety, and muscle spasms

A

Withdrawal symptoms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Any substance that modifies (either by enhancing, inhibiting, or distorting) mind or body functioning

A

Drug(s)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Legalized drugs such as coffee, alcohol, and tobacco

A

Licit drugs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Illegal drugs such as marijuana, cocaine, and LSD

A

Illicit drugs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Legalized drugs sold without a prescription

A

Over-the-counter (OTC)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Drugs that are used to treat mental disorders such as depression, schizophrenia, and manic-depressive disorders

A

Psychotherapeutic drugs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Drugs derived from opium

A

Opioids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Alcohol, tobacco, and marijuana - types of drugs that when used excessively may lead to using other and more addictive drugs such as cocaine, heroin, or crack

A

Gateway drugs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

The principal federal agency responsible for enforcing U.S. drug laws

A

Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

A type of illicit drug known as Ecstasy or Adam that has stimulant and hallucinogenic properties

A

MDMA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

The chemical and pharmacological term for drinking alcohol; the psychoactive ingredient in alcoholic beverages; often called grain alcohol

A

Ethanol

17
Q

A more recent, extremely potent cannabis product with approximately 80% THC levels made by using butane to extract the THC; the process produces a “waxy” residue that is smoked or vaporized and is highly hallucinogenic, often resulting in high levels of physical and mental impairment

A

Marijuana wax

18
Q

New drugs that are developed by people intending to circumvent the illegality of a drug by modifying a drug into a new compound; also known as synthetic drugs or synthetic opioids

A

Designer drugs

19
Q

New molecular species created by modifying the basic molecular skeleton of a compound; are structurally related to their parent compounds

A

Structural analogs

20
Q

Refers to the use of drugs, stressing that drug use cuts across all members of society regardless of income, education, occupation, social class, or age

A

Equal-opportunity affliction

21
Q

First category of drug users, typified as being in the initial stages of drug use; these people often use drugs for recreational purposes

A

Experimenters

22
Q

Second category of drug users, typified by an insatiable attraction followed by a psychological dependence on drugs

A

Compulsive users

23
Q

Third category of drug users; these users vacillate between the need for pleasure seeking and the desire to relieve moderate to serious psychological problems; this category of drug users has two major characteristics: (1) a general focus mostly on using other people’s drugs (often without maintaining a personal supply of the drug) and (2) vacillation between the characteristics of chronic drug users and experimenter types

A

Floaters or chippers

24
Q

Satisfaction derived from escaping negative feelings by using a drug

A

Relief phase

25
Q

Taking increasing quantities of a drug

A

Increased use phase

26
Q

Constant concern with the supply of the drug

A

Preoccupation phase

27
Q

Synonym for addiction

A

Dependency phase

28
Q

Physical or psychological effects derived from not using a drug

A

Withdrawal phase

29
Q

Principal federal agency responsible for directing research related to drug use and abuse

A

National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)

30
Q

Large, highly sophisticated organizations (DTOs) and cells with specific assignments, such as drug transportation, security/enforcement, or money laundering

A

Drug cartels

31
Q

Cells similar to terrorist cells and consisting of only three to five members to ensure operational security

A

Drug cells

32
Q

Urine, blood screening, or hair analysis used to identify those who may be using drugs

A

Drug testing

33
Q

Drug-assistance programs for drug-dependent employees

A

Employee assistance programs (EAPs)

34
Q

Oral fluid testing analyzes saliva samples for the presence of drugs of abuse and their metabolites

A

Oral fluids

35
Q

Used for drug testing; a skin patch absorb sweats for analysis for the presence of cocaine, marijuana, opiates, amphetamine, methamphetamine, or PCP

A

Sweat (perspiration)

36
Q

Emphasizes that nonmedical and often recreational drug use interferes with the healthy balance of mind, body, and spirit

A

Holistic self-awareness approach