Chapter 2 Flashcards
Biological Perspective
How brain and nervous system impact behaviour
Behavioural Perspective
Environmental values that reinforce behaviour
Cross- Cultural approach
How cultural and social influences effect behaviour
Reductionism
Focuses on reducing complex phenomena into its most basic parts
Frontal Lobe
Motor Cortex, involved in motor skills, higher level of cognition and expressive knowledge
Occipital Lobe
Visual Cortex: Involved in interpreting visual stimuli and information
Parietal Lobe
Soma-sensory cortex, involved in processing sensory information like pressure touch and pain
Temporal Lobe
Auditory Cortex: Involved in interpreting sounds and language we hear
Psychodynamic Perspective
ID, EGO AND SUPEREGO impact behaviour
ID
Driven by pleasure principe: Satisfies unconscious desires. Like hunger= Attempt to eat
EGO
Is based on the reality principe to satisfy ID’s desires. Weighs in the pros and cons
Super EGO
Ethical component of personality and provides moral standards by which the ego operates
Phenomenal
In the moment
Access
Recalls experiences from memory
Psychoanalysis
Talk Therapy: Involves attempting to affect behavioural change through having patients talk about their difficulties.
Active Imagination
Activating our imaginal processes in waking life in order to tap into unconscious meaning of our symbols
Archetypes
Primordial images reflect basic patterns or universal themes common to us all that are present in the unconscious. (Children are innocent)
Individualizations
Unique calling in life that each person must fulfill by uniting their conscious and unconscious thoughts
Introvert
Needs privacy and space
Extrovert
Needs Sociability
Thinking Function
Sees cause and effect relations
Feeling Function
Has a sense of valuing positively or negatively
Sensing Function
Orientated toward the body and senses
Intuitive
Goes with hunches, impatient and impractical
Latent content
Relates to deep unconscious wishes or fantasies or hidden meaning of the dream
Manifest Content
Superficial and meaning less
Threat simulation theory
Dramas should be seen as defence mechanism. They help practice to respond to threatening events.
Expectation fulfillment theory
Dreaming serves a discharge to emotional arousals.
Active- Synthesis Theory
Dreams don’t mean anything
Classical Conditioning
Behaviours shaped by pairing of stimuli
Law of effect
If an association is followed by satisfaction, it will be strengthened. If it followed by annoyance, it will be weakened
Law of Use
The more association is used, the stronger it will become
Law of disuse
The longer an association is unused, the weaker it becomes
Law of recency
The most recent response is more likely to occir
Humanistic Psychology
Hopeful, constructive view of human beings and of their substantial capacity to be self determining
Gestalt Therapy
Focuses on present. Makes an individual be aware of their feelings
Cognitive Psychology
Study of mental processes such as attention, memory, perception, language use, and thinking
Evolutionary Psychology b
Seeks to develop and understand ways of expanding the emotional connection between individuals and the natural world
