Chapter 1 Flashcards
What is Psychology
The study of mind and behaviour
Research Psychologists
Use scientific methods to crate new knowledge about the causes of behaviour
Psychologist- Practitioners
Use existing research to enhance the every day life of others
Empirical Method
Include the processes of collecting and organizing data and draw conclusions about those data
Scientific method
Set of assumptions, rules and procedures that scientists use to conduct empirical research
Values
Personal Statements
Facts
Objective statements backed up by empirical study
Lower Levels of Explanation
Biological influences such as genes, neurons, neurotransmitters and harmones
Middle Level Explanation
Abilities of the individual characteristics
Higher Level of Explanation
Social Groups, Organizations and cultures
Dualism
The mind is fundamentally different from the mechanical body
Structuralism
School of psychology to identify the basic elements of psychological experience
Introspection
Attempt to create a map of consciousness
Fitness
Extent to which having a given characteristic helps the individual organism to survive and reproduce at a higher rate
Psychodynamic Psychology
Approach to understanding human behaviour that focuses on the role of unconscious thoughts, feelings and memories
Psychoanalysis
Processes of talk therapy and dream analysis to help patience explore unconscious drives
Behaviourism
John B. Watson: The study of behaviour
Cognitive Psychology
Studies mental processes, including perception, thinking, memory and judgment.
Social- Cultural Psychology
Study of how social situations and the cultures influence thinking and behaviour
Individualism
Valuing the self, and the ones dependence from others
Collectivism
Value of interdependence and a focus on developing harmonious social relationship with others
