Chapter 19- The Endocrine System And The Stress Response Flashcards
Diabetes mellitus
Disorder of carbohydrate/glucose metabolism (hyperglycemia and glycosuria)
Diabetes insipidus
Inadequate ADH pituitary secretion
Diabetes mellitus, type 1 or T.D.I.M.
The pancreas produces little or no insulin (daily injection or infusion required for survival)
Diabetes mellitus, type 2 or T2DM
The pancreas makes too little insulin or cannot efficiently utilize whatever insulin it makes (also known as insulin resistance)
Hyperglycemia
Too little insulin and too much blood glucose that may lead to ketoacidosis/diabetic coma. Sx: Polyphagia, polydipsia, polyuria.
Hypoglycemia
Too much insulin and too low blood glucose that may lead to insulin shock. Sx: vertigo, confusion, and nervousness.
Polydipsia
Related to excessive thirst
Polyphagia
Related to excessive eating/ swallowing
Nocturia
Related To getting up at night to urinate
Glycosuria
Related to glucose (sugar) in the urine
Polyuria
Related to excessive urination
Addison’s disease
Adrenal hyposecretion characterized by paresis and/or weight loss
Hypercholestemia
High cholesterol in blood
Hyperthyroidism
Excessive thyroid secretion and increased metabolic rate
Hypothyroidism
Under active metabolism and thyroid secretion
Homeostasis
Relaxation or your body’s tendency to maintain its individual internal health and calmness
Sympathetic
Nervous system response that activates “fight or flight” for stressor survival
Stressor
Any real or imagined pressure, force or strain that results in a sympathetic response
Distress
Bad stress as unable to relax after the stressor is over. It is a prolonged sympathetic response that contributes toward poor health
Parasympathetic
Nervous system response that activates relaxation
Eustress
Good stress that helps body cope w/ stressors then relaxes after stressor is over promotes good health
