Chapter 19 - The Citric Acid Cycle

Question 1

In the CAC, dehydration/hydration occurs during…

Answer 1

isomerization of citrate to isocitrate

Question 2

structure similar to pyruvate dehydrogenase complex

Answer 2

a-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex

Question 3

Which reaction regenerates GTP?

Answer 3

succinyl CoA to succinate

Question 4

only membrane bound enzyme of the CAC

Answer 4

succinate dehydrogenase

Question 5

Succinate dehydrogenase introduces a C-C…

Answer 5

double bond in trans configuration

Question 6

how much ATP does NADH generate?

Answer 6

2.5

Question 7

how much ATP does FADH2 generate?/

Answer 7

1.5

Question 8

glycerol 3-P shuttle (brain and muscle) generates..

Answer 8

3 ATP/glucose

Question 9

malate/aspartate shuttle (liver, kidney, heart) generates…

Answer 9

5 ATP/glucose

Question 10

anaplerotic reactions

Answer 10

reactions to replenish the cycle components requires if the energy status of the cells changes

Question 11

anaplerotic reaction is catalyzed by…

Answer 11

pyruvate carboxylase`

Question 12

the CAC is regulated by…

Answer 12

isocitrate dehydrogenase and a-ketoglutarase dehydrogenase

Question 13

glyoxylate cycle

Answer 13

similar to CAC but bypasses two decarboxylation steps; allowing synthesis of carbs from fats

Question 14

In the glyoxylate cycle, succinate can be converted into..

Answer 14

oxaloacetae and then into glucose

Question 15

The glyoxylate cycle is highly active in..

Answer 15

oily seed plants during germination (canola, sunflowers)

Question 16

What does the glyoxylate cycle do?

Answer 16

provides energy before glucose can be synthesized by photosynthesis