Chapter 17 - Gluconeogenesis Flashcards
gluconeogenesis
synthesis of glucose from noncarbohydrate precursors
gluconeogenesis exists in…
all animals, plants, fungi, and micro-organisms
gluconeogenesis precursors in animals
lactate, pyruvate, glycerol, and most amino acids
glucose is the primary fuel for the ______ and the only fuel for ___________.
brain, RBC
In plants, stored fats and proteins are converted into…
sucrose
In microorganisms, acetate, lactate, and propionate are converted to…
glucose
pyruvate carboxylase
- requires biotin, ATP
- activated by acetyl-CoA
With pyruvate carboxylase, CO2 used is the same that is produced in…
he next reaction catalyzed by PEP-Carboxykinase
One of the only reactions that require GTP instead of ATP…
oxaloacetate to phosphoenolpyruvate
How does oxaloacetate leave the mitochondria?
specific transport system in form of malate, which is reoxidizes to oxaloacetate in cytoplasm
malate to oxaloacetate produces…
NADH
glucose is hydrolyzed by glucose 6-phosphatase in the…
ER; not cytoplasm
glucose 6-phosphatase is only present in…
liver and kidney
Pyruvate can be formed from muscle-derived lactate in the liver by…
lactate dehydrogenase
The carbon skeletons of some amino acids can be converted into..
gluconeogenic intermediates
