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Art History > Chapter 19 (Test Review) > Flashcards

Chapter 19 (Test Review) Flashcards

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1
Q

Who was considered “avant-garde”

A

Gustave Courbet

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2
Q

What was Courbet’s focus?

A

Ordinary Citizens

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3
Q

In France, Artists could earn a spot in the

A

French Royal Academy

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4
Q

French Royal Academy paintings had to have:

A
  • No Visible Brush strokes
  • Idealism rather than realism
  • Naturalistic Color
  • Art had to convey a message
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5
Q

Courbet was a

A

Realist

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6
Q

Manet was

A

Realist & Impressionist

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7
Q

Monet was

A

Impressionist

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8
Q

Degas was

A

Impressionist

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9
Q

Renoir was

A

Impressionist

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10
Q

Morisot was

A

Impressionist

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11
Q

Van Gogh was a

A

Post-Impressionist

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12
Q

Seurat was a

A

Post-Impressionist

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13
Q

Gauguin was a

A

Post-Impressionist

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14
Q

Manet focused on

A

city life and had loose brushstrokes

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15
Q

Manet’s work _____ was accepted into the Salon but was heavily criticized.

A

Olympia (19th Century)

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16
Q

Where were the American Realists?

A

Winslow Homer (Watercolors)
Thomas Eakins
Edmonia Lewis

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17
Q

Which of the American Realists used watercolors?

A

Winslow Homer

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18
Q

What were the roots of Modernism?

A

Romanticism

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19
Q

What was the last movement before “modernism”

A

Impressionism

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20
Q

The goal of _____ was authentic representation of color and light.

A

Impressionism

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21
Q

Which artist wanted a complete break from the past?

A

Claude Monet

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22
Q

_____ became interested in light only.

A

Monet

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23
Q

In The Saint-Lazare Station, the focus is on ____ & ____ NOT _____ & _____

A

color &; light; NOT train &; people

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24
Q

Who created the Salon of the Rejected

A

Napoleon III

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25
Q

In the work Olympia. Olympia was the name of a____. She is presented flowers by a servant from a ____

A

Dumas Play; admirer

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26
Q

What was the Salon that artists wanted to earn a spot in?

A

The French Royal Academy

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27
Q

The work “The Blue Boat” was _____

A

watercolor

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28
Q

What did Renoir focus is work on?

A

Upper Middle Class at Leisure

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29
Q

____ encouragred Renoir to lighten his Palette

A

Monet

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30
Q

____ became interested in the light only.

A

Monet

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31
Q

When was the rise of Modernism?

A

20th Century

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32
Q

Claude Monet began to paint urban scenes instead of ____

A

nature

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33
Q

In Morisot’s work, “Summer’s Day”, she adopts ____ ___ of Impressionism (dissolving forms into a flurry of feathery brushtrokes)

A

sketch aesthetics

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34
Q

Which artist was especially drawn to ballet?

A

Degas

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35
Q

In “The Rehearsal of the Ballet on Stage”. Is this actually something that factually happened?

A

No; but it has the realities of modern life.

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36
Q

In “The Rehearsal of the Ballet on Stage”. Which technique is used from the opera box to the stage?

A

Foreshortening

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37
Q

Degas’ angular viewpoints could be inspired from?

A

Japanese Prints

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38
Q

Degas paintings often had a _____ message

A

social

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39
Q

At the time, ballerinas were seen as _____ because they exposed their body.

A

risqué

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40
Q

George Seurat believed that he was “____” Impressionism.

A

Correcting

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41
Q

Seurat used _____ on the work “A Sunday Afternoon on the Island of la Grande Jatte”

A

Pointilism

42
Q

Post-Impressionism focused primarily on ____ _____. Such as: ___,___,____

A

Formal Elements (Line, Pattern, Color)

43
Q

Seurat’s theme of his works was

A

Leisure

44
Q

Van Gogh expressed more _____ in his work; Used ___ for his goal.

A

Emotion; color

45
Q

What was “The Starry Night” inspired by?

A

Dutch Prints (Protestant Themes, Rembrandt Prints, From B/W to Yellow/Blue)

46
Q

What is a thick application of paint?

A

Impasto

47
Q

Where do we Come From? What are we? Where are we Going? was painted on ____?

A

Sackcloth

48
Q

Where do we Come From? What does the Blue idol mean?

A

The Beyond

49
Q

Where did Symbolist art originate?

A

France

50
Q

Symbolist are usually had a _____ theme

A

Spiritual

51
Q

“The Scream” One of 22 paintings from a series called the _____

A

Frieze of Life

52
Q

“The Scream” Rejected ______ ideals of looking at light outdoors and instead looked _____

A

Impressionist; looked inward

53
Q

Cezanne was influenced by ____

A

Cubists

54
Q

“Mont Saint-Victorie” Cezanne painted multiple versions? Yes or no

A

Yes

55
Q

Cezanne’s handling of paint is more controlled than the impressionists. TRUE OR FALSE

A

True

56
Q

Who did not fit any of the categories of 19th Century Art?

A

Rodin

57
Q

Why couldn’t the surface of “The Burghers of Calais” be smooth?

A

He needed to reproduce human feelings, and so the surface cannot be smooth.

58
Q

Which war is the Burghers of Calais depicting?

A

The 100 Years War, the 6 individuals offered the lives if the English King spared the rest of the population.

59
Q

The Burgers of Calais was during the ________

A

Siege of Calais in 1347

60
Q

All of the Scientific Developments in the 20th Century led to

A

Viewing physical nature differently

61
Q

Germany invaded ____

A

Poland

62
Q

The Treaty of Versailles and ______ led to Instability which led to ___

A

Economic Problems; WWII

63
Q

When did the US join the allies?

A

1918

64
Q

Pavlov’s Dog is known as

A

Conditioned Responses

65
Q

Who is the leader of the Fauvist movement?

A

Henri Matisse

66
Q

Henri Matisse’s colors are

A

not natural and he has loose brushstrokes

67
Q

“The Joy of Life” uses _____ lines which show movement.

A

Curvilinear

68
Q

Color symbolizes _____

A

Expression

69
Q

In “Street, Berlin” the two people on the left are ______. Their hurried movement is showed through the _____

A

Prostitutes; slashing brushstrokes

70
Q

“Self Portrait as a Soldier” uses _____

A

Primitivism

71
Q

Primitivsm is influenced on

A

Die Brucke

72
Q

Die Brucke was led by

A

Kirchner

73
Q

Two themes of Die Brucke are:

A

Natural World

Nudity

74
Q

The Bridge between “old” and “new” and that humanity is a bridge to a better future is

A

Die Brucke

75
Q

Who is the founder of Der Blaue Reiter

A

Kandinsky

76
Q

Who Rejected Representation?

A

Kandinsky

77
Q

“Improvisation 28” is

A

feeling through color

78
Q

Which form of Cubism uses Brown and gray, DISSECTING THE FORMS OF THE SUBJECT

A

Analytic Cubism

79
Q

Which form of Cubism is like a collage where works were constructed using other paper or materials.

A

Synthetic Cubism

80
Q

The term demoiselles was a euphemism for ____

A

prostitutes

81
Q

The Newspaper clippings in “Bottle of Suze” refer to the ___

A

Balkan War

82
Q

The Rouen Cathedral was by who?

A

Monet

83
Q

Cubism was named after ____ viewed Braque’s painting and said it was painted with little cubes

A

Matisse

84
Q

Realism mostly depicted the

A

Working Class

85
Q

Fauvism characteristics

A

unnatural colors, very flat

86
Q

German Expressionism characteritics

A

Der Blaue Reither, Die Bruke

87
Q

Cubism Branches

A

Analytic and Synthetic

88
Q

The “Guitar” (Cubism) is what form?

A

Synthetic

89
Q

The annual display of art by French artists in Paris during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. Established in the seventeenth century as a venue to show the work of members of the French Academy, the Salon and its judges established the accepted official style of the time.

A

Salon

90
Q

A painting technique in which pigments suspended in water are applied to absorbent paper, creating an image that cannot be corrected or reworked.

A

Watercolor

91
Q

A French term meaning “in the open air,” describing the Impressionist practice of painting outdoors so artists could have direct access to the fleeting effects of light and atmosphere while working.

A

en plein air

92
Q

A term derived from the French military word meaning “before the group,” or “vanguard.” Avant-garde denotes those artists or concepts of a strikingly new, experimental, or radical nature for the time.

A

Avant-Garde

93
Q

The illusion created on a flat surface in which figures and objects appear to recede or project sharply into space. Accomplished according to the rules of perspective.

A

Foreshortening

94
Q

Thickly applied paint that gives the quality of a three-dimensional surface to a painting.

A

Impasto

95
Q

A style in nineteenth-century French and American art that was highly influenced by Japanese art.

A

Japonisme

96
Q

Styles in which aspects of a work of art are exaggerated to evoke subjective responses rather than to portray objective reality or seek a rational response.

A

Expressionism

97
Q

A style of painting which emphasizes the techniques and surface effects of brushwork (also color, light, and shade).

A

painterly

98
Q

Art that does not attempt to reproduce the appearance of objects, figures, or scenes in the natural world. Also called nonobjective art.

A

nonrepresentational

99
Q

Any art that attempts to depict an aspect of the external, natural world in a visually understandable way.

A

Representational

100
Q

A handheld support used by artists for the storage and mixing of paint during the process of painting.

A

Palette

101
Q

The theoretical spatial plane corresponding with the actual surface of a painting.

A

Picture Plane

102
Q

A technique in which cutout paper forms (often painted or printed), and/or found materials, are pasted onto another surface.

A

Collage

Art History (25 decks)

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