Chapter 19-20 (Test Review) Flashcards
“The Kiss” was influenced by
Art Nouveau
Modern artists who separated from the Academy in Vienna Austria, was the
Vienna Secession
What was influenced by De Stijil & Surrealism?
Dada
What questioned art itself, not just artistic traditions?
Dada
Duchamp was originally a ____; but he was dissatisfied with the Direction of _____
Painter; Dissatisfied with Cubism
Duchamp thought that Cubism was too
formal
Which artist’s works often had a short sentence.
- Duchamp
- Surrealism (Magritte)
- Conceptual Art
Who was known for Dada collages?
Schwitters
During Surrealism, Dada artists became interested in the themes of the ____
unconscious
Surrealism contains strange ______ &_____
juxtapositions & Dreams
Who painted herself with facial hair?
Frida Kahlo
Who was the Spokesperson for Surrealism?
Andre Breton
Who did not consider themselves a Surrealist but is considered one by others.
Frida Kahlo
Why did Frida Kahlo wear long dresses to cover up?
She had Polio
Mexican Muralists featured_____
non-European heroes
Mexican Muralists typically had ____ themes and a social _____
political & social
What did Diego Rivera Study?
- Renaissance Frescos
- Mural Painting
In the work, “Dream of a Sunday Afternoon in Alameda Park” what is shown?
The Three Eras of Mexican History (Left to Right)
Alameda park had many different uses. What was it originally?
An Aztec Marketplace
“Dream of a Sunday Afternoon in the Alameda Park” was controversial and some people protested. Why?
It had an inscription that read “Dios no Existe”
Why were buildings getting taller?
- Rising Property Values
- Urbanization
- Elevators
Cast-Iron technology allowed for what?
More Windows
What was used for architecture and steam engine cylinders?
Cast-Iron Architecture
The Chicago Fire (1871) prompted what?
A Change in Building Materials
“Marshall Field Wholesale Store” was influenced by what?
Romanesque architecture (NOT CLASSICAL)
“Marshall Field Wholesale Store” (now demolished) was Cast-Iron wrapped in
Brick Masonry
The “Carson, Pirie, Scott and Company Building”
The outside of the building reflects the ____
interior
The “Carson, Pirie, Scott and Company Building” contains decorative details at street level. Which means?
It is not true modernism
The “Carson, Pirie, Scott and Company Building”
What was used for decorative lines?
Terra Cotta
What new technology made elevators possible?
Iron Steel Construction
When was the the Birth of Modernism in Architecture?
1920s
What is art Mass produced in natural forms?
Art Nouveau
What was Inspired by Art Nouveau?
Art Deco
In “Villa Savoye” what are pilotis?
The columns holding up the building
Where was the Villa Savoye located?
Paris
The Villa Savoye is an example of the
International Style
What are the five points of architecture?
- The Supports
- Roof Gardens
- Free designing of the ground-plan
- Horizontal Window
- Free design the of façade
Who said “Form follows function”
Louis Sullivan
Who said “Less is a bore”
Robert Venturi
In Bauhaus, what is not important?
Historical Reference
In Bauhaus, lack of ____ makes design accessible
ornamentation
The original purpose of Bauhaus was?
Design school
Bauhaus had an ______
asymmetrical design (Different wings had different purposes)
“American Gothic” was a commentary of what?
Life in the Midwest
The two people in “American Gothic” were who?
Father and unmarried daughter. Based of a Dentist and sister of the artist.
“The Migration of the Negro” was part of a ____
series
“The Migration of the Negro” its context was what?
The Migration of American Americans moving to the northern US to find better jobs
Why were the Detroit Industry Murals controversial?
They included Lenin
“Autumn Rhythm” consists of two types of paint…
House + oil paint
In “Woman I” the color are _____ in no definite ____
layered in no definite order
“Woman I” consists of _____ + ______
Image and Gesture
An object from popular or material culture presented without further manipulation as an artwork by the artist.
Readymade
A technique in which artists abandon the usual intellectual control over their brush or pencil. The aim is to allow the subconscious the create the work without rational interference.
Automatism
Using broad gestures to drip or pour paint onto a pictorial surface. Associated with mid-twentieth Century American Abstract Expressionists (like Pollock)
Action Painting
Type of Abstract Expressionist painting in the 50s and 60s characterized by broad abstract sweeps of solid color that emphasize the surface of the picture plane and de-emphasize gestural brushstrokes.
Color Field Painting
The dots that make up letting and images. Often machine or computer generated, the dots are very small and closely spaced to give the effect of density and richness of tone.
Benday Dots
An art form developed in the 1960s incorporating performance, theater, and visual images. A Happening was organized without a specific narrative or intent; with audience participation, the event proceeded according to chance and individual improvisation.
Happenings
An artwork based on a live, sometimes theatrical performance by the artist.
Performance Art
an adjective describing the state of having many valid contemporary styles available at the same time to artists.
Pluralism
a style of abstract painting developed by Piet Mondrian, using only vertical and horizontal lines and rectangular shapes in black, white, gray, and primary colors.
Neoplasticism
Concrete strengthened by a core or foundation skeleton of iron or steel bars, strips, etc. Floors, columns, piles, water pipes, etc., have been successfully made of it. Called also armored concrete steel, and most commonly reenforced concrete.
Ferroconcrete
a style in architecture developed in the 1920s that uses modern materials (as steel, glass, and reinforced concrete), expresses structure directly, and eliminates nonstructural ornament—– True Modernism, 1932 Moma Exhibit
International Style
Marcel Duchamp’s fountain was a ____
readymade
Duchamp submitted “Fountain” _______ to the first exhibition of the American Society of Independent Artists
anonymously
When “Fountain” was NOT considered a work of art. What did Duchamp do?
He resigned from the Society
In “Composition with Yellow, Red and Blue” Mondrian restricted the formal colors to the three _____ colors, the three _____, as well as ____ & ____ lines.
primary; neutrals; horizontal & vertical
In “Composition with Yellow, Red and Blue” the linear directions are meant to symbolize ______. Such as …
Opposites. Like Male vs Female, Individual vs Society
de Stijl developed on both ______ & ______
architecture and painting
The Villa Savoye is architectural _____
purism
What was referred to as the “Machine for Living”
Villa Savoye
Who said “Less is More”
Mies van der rohe
In The Schroder House Rietveld applied the principle of _______ to the entire house
dynamic equilibrium
“The Treachery of Images (This is Not a Pipe” is a ______ work. What is it influenced by?
Surrealist work. Influenced by Freudian psychology
“The Treachery of Images (This is Not a Pipe” is a _____. This work recalls______a field Magritte had worked in.
paradox. Advertising
Who was one of the few women invited to participate in the Surrealist movement?
Meret Oppenheim
“Object (Luncheon in Fur)” was a _______. (Similar to Duchamp’s).
Readymade
Frida Kahlo’s work shows these themes: Name Two
- Cultural Heritage
- Personal Biography
- Physical Pain
- Emotional Suffering
- Repression of Women
“The Two Fridas” represented her identity split between what? Also her relationship with who?
Her German & Mexican ancestry. Also, her stormy relationship with Diego Relationship
“The Two Fridas” her heart is broken. Why?
Diego had asked for a divorce.
Frank Lloyd Wright wanted to integrate what with what, organically?
Architecture with Nature
In “No. 61 (Rust and Blue)” Rothko thought of his shapes as fundamental ____
ideas
“No. 61 (Rust and Blue)” is a _____
Color Field Painting
“Marilyn Diptych” is a series of _____.
Diptychs
The “Marilyn Diptych” recalls the convention of _____
religious art. Suggesting the Marilyn was a martyr in the pantheon of departed movie stars.
In “Lipstick (Ascending) on Caterpillar Tracks” the intended purpose was for what?
A Platform for Protests (AGAINST VIETNAM WAR)
“Lipstick (Ascending) on Caterpillar Tracks”
Where was it located?
Outside of the President’s Office
What is the earliest notorious Post-Modernist work?
AT&T Corporate Headquarters
“Untitled” was a ____ work
Minimalist
“Untitled” has no _____, only _____
supports only shapes
In “One and Three Chairs” what is Kosuth trying to tell us?
He is trying to descirbe the impossibility of precise representation and communication of an idea.
The New World Symphony Building by FRANK GEHRY is ____
Deconstrucctivism
Dada was also known as…
anti-art
Surrealism was influenced by
Dadaism
Post-Modernism goes by the Philosophy …
“Less is a bore”
Peggy Guggenheim had a gallery… what was it called?
Art of the Century
Who was the Art Critic who favored and accepted Abstract Expressionism?
Clement Greenberg
Who advocated for Formalism?
Clement Greenberg
“The Migration of the Negro” was influenced by ___
The Harlem Renaissance
