Chapter 19 - Food and Water Safety Flashcards
An infection caused by microscopic disease-causing agents in food is called a(n) _____ ______
Food-borne illness
The FDA performs many tasks to protect the U.S. food
Multiple select question.
enforcing federal food safety laws.
pasteurizing all dairy products.
regulating imported food.
regulating domestic food.
enforcing federal food safety laws.
regulating imported food.
regulating domestic food.
Local health departments are responsible for inspecting
Multiple select question.
imported foods.
dairy farms.
grocery stores.
restaurants.
dairy farms.
grocery stores.
restaurants.
Pathogens, insect parts, residues of compounds used to kill insects that destroy food crops, and metal fragments from food-processing equipment are all considered a ______ if found in a food.
Multiple choice question.
contaminant
vermin
hazardous material
parasite
contaminant
Colonies of many different kinds of microbes may be found
Multiple select question.
in nasal passages.
on human skin.
in the large intestine.
on animals but not on humans.
in nasal passages.
on human skin.
in the large intestine.
Food-borne illnesses are typically caused by eating foods
Multiple choice question.
with food additives and colorings.
with microbes or their toxic by-product.
that have been pasteurized.
with microbes or their toxic by-product.
Most pathogens multiply
Multiple select question.
in the presence of warmth.
in the absence of oxygen.
in the presence of moisture.
In the presence of warmth.
in the presence of moisture.
One of the tasks that the FDA completes in an effort to keep the U.S. food supply safe is to regulate _____ and _______food sold in interstate commerce.
Domestic, imported
Working with the FDA, local health departments inspect _______, _______ stores, _________ farms and local food processing companies.
Restaurant, grocery store, and dairy farms
Examples of contaminants that enter food making it unhealthy for human consumption include:
pathogens.
metal fragments from food-processing equipment.
insect parts.
Food coloring
The length of time a pathogen grows and multiplies in food or the digestive tract is called the _____ period.
Multiple choice question.
intoxication
incubation
germination
gestation
Incubation
The microbes that cause _____ can be found practically everywhere, including air, water, soil, and sewage.
Multiple choice question.
food-borne illnesses
a loss of blood
nutrient deficiencies
food-borne illnesses
Match each symptom to its cause most common cause of either a food-borne illness or influenza.
Diarrhea and vomitting
Coughing, weakness, and body aches
Influenza or food-borne pathogens
Influenza - Coughing, weakness, and body aches
Food-borne Pathogens - Diarrhea and vomitting
To survive and multiply, most microbes need ______, and some require oxygen.
Multiple select question.
a source of nutrients
warmth
sugar
moisture
a source of nutrients
warmth
moisture
The _______ period can range from 1 hour to several days which explains why people will develop signs and symptoms at different rates.
Incubation
Choose the groups that are at high-risk for developing a food-borne illness.
Multiple select question.
very young children
people who suffer from serious chronic illness or a weakened immune system
middle-aged adults
older adults
pregnant women
very young children
people who suffer from serious chronic illness or a weakened immune system
older adults
pregnant women
The two major pathogens responsible for most cases of food-borne illnesses are ____ and ______ .
Viruses, bacteria
One of the tasks that the FDA completes in an effort to keep the U.S. food supply safe is to regulate _____ and _____ food sold in interstate commerce.
Domestic, imported
Which organism is the least complex?
Multiple choice question.
plant cells
bacteria
animal cells
Bacteria
The Norovirus can be passed by which of the following?
Multiple select question.
contaminated swimming water
contaminated food
contaminated air
contaminated swimming water
contaminated food
The result of consuming contaminated food or water when traveling in countries where sanitary water supplies are not available can lead to
Multiple choice question.
traveler’s diarrhea.
seizures.
skin rashes.
frequent tremors.
traveler’s diarrhea.
What are the major kinds of pathogens?
Multiple select question.
protozoa
insects
viruses
bacteria
protozoa
viruses
bacteria
Some characteristics of bacteria are that they
Multiple select question.
prefer warm temperatures.
are comprised of multiple cells.
grow in a neutral pH.
prefer warm temperatures.
grow in a neutral pH.
Which statements are true about the Norovirus infection?
Multiple select question.
Onset of symptoms occurs 24 hours to 2 days after exposure.
Symptoms may include a tickling sensation in the throat, and vomiting or coughing up a worm.
Onset of symptoms occurs 1-6 hours after exposure.
Symptoms may include vomiting, watery diarrhea, abdominal cramps, and nausea.
Onset of symptoms occurs 24 hours to 2 days after exposure.
Symptoms may include vomiting, watery diarrhea, abdominal cramps, and nausea.
Unlike typical food-borne illnesses, _____ cause neurodegenerative disease.
Prions
What are steps you can take to reduce your risk of Traveler’s Diarrhea?
Multiple select question.
Eat only fully cooked meats
Eat raw foods that have been washed in water
Use alcohol-based hand sanitizer and thoroughly clean hands
Avoid tap water, ice, and beverages made with ice
Eat only fully cooked meats
Use alcohol-based hand sanitizer and thoroughly clean hands
Avoid tap water, ice, and beverages made with ice
Eggs will stay fresh longer when stored in
Multiple choice question.
the refrigerator’s egg compartment.
the freezer.
their egg cartons.
a bowl of fresh water.
their egg cartons.
Certain molds produce ________, a substance that might cause severe illness, particularly liver damage.
Multiple choice question.
Listeria monocytongenes
aflatoxins
bovine spongiform encephalopathy
aflatoxins
True or False
Consuming raw fish is safe for most healthy people.
True
The most notable prion disease is _______ _________ _________ . (insert complete answer - do not use abbreviation)
Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE)
Which of the following is highly perishable due to the concentration of pathogens on the outside and inside?
Multiple choice question.
Pork loin
Hamburger
Steak
Chicken leg
Hamburger
What are some actions an individual may take to ensure food quality when mold is found on food?
Completely cut out the moldy portions of the food.
Throw the food out.
Wash off the mold from the mold
Completely cut out the moldy portions of the food.
Throw the food out.
When is raw fish safe to eat?
Multiple choice question.
When purchased from a stand along the side of a road.
When it is very fresh before being commercially frozen and then thawed.
An internal temperature of 20 degrees had been maintained for ten days.
When it is very fresh before being commercially frozen and then thawed.
Single celled microorganisms that are a common food-borne pathogen are ______.
Bacteria
__________, __________, ____________, and ____________ summarize the four rules set by the USDA as part of the “Check Your Steps!” program.
Clean
Separate
Cook
Chill
A food preservation method used to produce foods like yogurt, wine, cheese and sauerkraut is
Multiple choice question.
irradiation.
fermentation.
sterilization.
pasteurization.
fermentation.
High-acidic foods have a ______ risk of containing the botulimum microorganism.
Multiple choice question.
lesser
greater
Lesser
Choose the techniques that are recommended when storing foods to prevent food-borne illness.
Multiple select question.
Keep the refrigerator as cold as possible without freezing milk or lettuce.
Chill or freeze hot foods immediately, it is not necessary to let hot foods cool before freezing.
Cook raw fish, shellfish, and poultry the day they are purchased or freeze immediately.
Use deep bowls to store foods in the refrigerator to provide a larger surface area for cooling.
Keep the refrigerator as cold as possible without freezing milk or lettuce.
Chill or freeze hot foods immediately, it is not necessary to let hot foods cool before freezing.
Cook raw fish, shellfish, and poultry the day they are purchased or freeze immediately.
Food irradiation may lead to radioactive food products.
True false question.
True
False
False
What are some benefits of food additives?
Food additives may be used to prevent enzymes from causing undesirable changes.
Food additives may be used to limit the growth of food-borne illness causing bacteria.
Food additives may be used to prevent the spoilage of foods indefinitely.
Food additives may be used to limit the growth of food-borne illness causing bacteria.
Food additives may be used to prevent enzymes from causing undesirable changes.
What are the four rules set by the USDA as part of the “Check You Steps!” program?
Multiple select question.
Refrigerate foods promptly.
Wash hands and surfaces often.
Cook food partially if necessary.
Don’t cross-contaminate food items.
Freeze foods promptly.
Cook foods to proper temperatures.
Refrigerate foods promptly.
Wash hands and surfaces often.
Don’t cross-contaminate food items.
Cook foods to proper temperatures.
_________ is one of the oldest strategies that may be used in order to prevent the growth of microorganisms leading to food-borne illnesses.
Fermentation
Food additives considered safe are included in the ________ _________ as ________ (GRAS) list.
Generally Recognized; Safe
Low-acidic foods should be boiled for at least ______ minutes to safely destroy the Clostridium botulinum.
Multiple choice question.
ten
thirty
two
Ten
A substance that people, use to control or kill unwanted insects, weeds,or other organisms is called a ________.
Multiple choice question.
rodenticide
pesticide
herbicide
fungicide
insecticide
pesticide
The process of food irradiation preserves food by using a high amount of
Multiple choice question.
energy.
alcohol.
pressure.
temperature.
energy.
Food additives may be important to use to prevent ______ growth and possible deterioration from insects and natural causes.
Bacteria
Which statement concerning the GRAS list is true?
Multiple choice question.
Manufacturers must get prior approval from the FDA before using ingredients on the GRAS list.
Manufacturers can include items on the GRAS list as ingredients without testing them for safety.
Manufacturers can include items on the GRAS list as ingredients without testing them for safety.
According to the FDA guidelines the responsibility of safe bottled water production belongs to the
Multiple choice question.
manufacturer.
consumer.
government
manufacturer.
A pesticide that kills weeds is called a (an)
Multiple choice question.
fungicide.
insecticide.
rodenticide.
herbicide.
herbicide
In case of disaster, how many gallons of water should be stored per person per day?
Multiple choice question.
2
7
1
1
What agency regulates tap water?
Multiple choice question.
Food and Drug Administration
Environment Protection Agency
GRAS
Department of Agriculture
Environment Protection Agency
The FDA standards for bottled water are similar to the _____ standards for tap water.
Multiple choice question.
FDA
EPA
USDA
EPA
