Chapter 12 -Trace Minerals Flashcards
Which of the following minerals are trace minerals?
Multiple select question.
Iron
Manganese
Copper
Sodium
Iron (Fe)
Copper (Cu)
Manganese (Mn)
_____ is a necessary trace mineral for oxygen delivery and immune function.
Iron
The type of iron found in plant foods is referred to as ___
Nonheme iron
______ is the major storage form of iron that also helps regulate iron absorption.
Ferritin
What is the RDA for iron in women under the age of 50?
18 mg/day
_____ minerals perform vital roles in the body although the body only requires consumption of less than 100mg/day.
Trace
If an individual ate primarily locally produced foods, which location would have the least likelihood for developing goiter?
Multiple choice question.
Chicago, IL
St. Louis, MO
San Diego, CA
Denver, CO
San Diego, CA
What are roles of iron within the human body?
Multiple select question.
neurological function
immune function
part of many enzymes
carrying oxygen
hair growth and development
neurological function
immune function
part of many enzymes
carrying oxygen
What is the main source of heme iron?
Multiple choice question.
Fruits
Vegetables
Meat
Legumes
Meat
What happens when the body has adequate iron stores?
Multiple choice question.
The transferrin receptors increase in number on the cell membrane.
The absorptive cells of the small intestine make ferritin which blocks iron absorption.
The absorptive cells of the small intestine allow more iron to enter the blood stream.
The absorptive cells of the small intestine make ferritin which blocks iron absorption.
The RDA for iron is highest for
Multiple choice question.
a 30-year-old woman.
children.
a 30-year-old man.
a 30-year-old woman.
What is the best food source for iodide?
Multiple choice question.
Milk, 8 fl oz
Shrimp, 3 oz
Egg, hard boiled, 1 large
Iodized salt, 1/2 tsp
Iodized salt, 1/2 tsp
Soy products, turnips, and broccoli all contain compounds that
Multiple choice question.
reduce thyroid production.
increase iodide absorption.
inhibit calcitonin release.
enhance iodide absorption.
reduce thyroid production.
What is the adult RDA for iodide?
150 mcg/day
Thyroid hormone controls the rate of ______ metabolism.
Cellular
In what country was Zinc deficiency first discovered?
Multiple choice question.
Iran
Russia
Mexico
USA
Iran
Zinc is necessary for which of the following?
Multiple choice question.
Wound healing
Vision
Hair growth
Wound healing
Which of the following are good dietary sources of iodine?
Multiple select question.
saltwater fish
strawberries
seaweed
milk
saltwater fish
seaweed
milk
Which of the following foods contain goitrogens?
Multiple select question.
iceberg lettuce
cauliflower
cabbage
brussels sprouts
cauliflower
cabbage
brussels sprouts
Which of the following groups has marginally adequate intakes of iodine?
Multiple choice question.
middle-aged American men
young American women
young American men
middle-aged American women
young American women
Zinc deficiencies were first observed in diets high in unleavened breads. The food group they were most likely to lack that contributed to the zinc deficiency was
Multiple choice question.
carbohydrates.
dairy.
vegetables.
meat.
Meat
Which of the following are functions of zinc?
Multiple select question.
Fat metabolism
DNA synthesis
Release of glucagon
Cofactor for more than 50 enzymes
Cofactor for more than 50 enzymes
DNA synthesis
The UL for zinc is _____ mg per day.
40 mg/day
Selenium functions within the body as a component of several proteins referred to as ______.
Multiple choice question.
essential proteins
functional proteins
selenoproteins
selenoproteins
Soy products, turnips, and broccoli all contain compounds that
Multiple choice question.
enhance iodide absorption.
increase iodide absorption.
inhibit calcitonin release.
reduce thyroid production.
reduce thyroid production.
Select the food source that provides the most selenium per serving.
Multiple choice question.
Sunflower seeds, 1/4 cup
Egg noodles, cooked, 1 cup
Tuna, 3 oz
Egg, fried, 1 large
Tuna, 3 oz
Exceeding the daily UL for selenium can lead to toxicity, known as ________.
Selenosis
Zinc is readily found in which of the following foods?
Multiple select question.
baked beans
roast beef
pudding
lettuce
baked beans
roast beef
Exceeding the UL for zinc may result in
Multiple select question.
depressed immune system function.
lowered HDL cholesterol levels.
increased LDL cholesterol levels.
diarrhea.
depressed immune system function.
diarrhea
lowered HDL cholesterol levels.
Recall that selenium is a component of several
Multiple choice question.
hormones.
fuel sources.
enzymes.
lipoproteins.
enzymes.
True or False
Conclusive evidence suggests that selenium, an antioxidant, has been show to significantly reduce the risk of cancer.
False
Select food sources of selenium that could be consumed by a vegan.
Multiple select question.
white bread
Brazil nuts
baked beans
egg
Brazil nuts
baked beans
The UL for selenium is ______ per/day
400 mcg/day
True or False
Fluoridated water over a lifetime may reduce a person’s likelihood of tooth decay by 25%.
True
What are causes of fluorosis in children?
Swallowing toothpaste and dental rinses
Chromium may help with the function of which hormone?
Insulin
Fluoride is not considered an essential nutrient because
Multiple select question.
it does not have an established RDA.
it is not required for growth.
it does not sustain life.
it is only needed in small quantities.
it is not required for growth.
it does not sustain life.
Select food sources for chromium.
Multiple select question.
Whole-grain Bread
Potatoes
Yogurt
Broccoli
Whole-grain Bread
Potatoes
Broccoli
Using a pea-sized amount of toothpaste, rinsing with water and spitting out excess fluid when brushing teeth will help prevent dental _____
Fluorosis
Choose the functions of manganese.
Multiple select question.
muscle contraction
metabolism
bone and cartilage formation
wound healing
antioxidant function
wound healing
metabolism
bone and cartilage formation
antioxidant function
Which of the following is a cofactor of four enzymes including sulfite oxidase and xanthine oxidase?
Multiple choice question.
Manganese
Magnesium
Maltodextrin
Molybdenum
Molybdenum
John just found out that he has impaired glucose tolerance and elevated blood cholesterol. Which mineral could John be deficient in?
Multiple choice question.
iodine
iron
chromium
selenium
Chromium
Which of the following are good sources of copper?
Multiple select question.
dairy products
organ meats
seeds
whole grains
organ meats
seeds
whole grains
True or False
Trace minerals that have yet to have a clearly identified function in humans include boron, nickel, vanadium, arsenic, lithium, and silicon.
True
Food crops can be sources of organic arsenic as plants acquire the mineral naturally from Blank______.
Multiple select question.
normal erosion
soil deposits
volcanic eruptions
ocean water
normal erosion
soil deposits
volcanic eruptions
Which of the following terms best describe the mineral molybdenum?
Multiple select question.
nonessential
trace
essential
major
trace
essential
Which of the following minerals may have physiological roles in the body but since their roles are not clear, they have not been classified as essential nutrients?
Multiple select question.
Fluoride
Vanadium
Calcium
Nickel
Arsenic
Arsenic
Vanadium
Nickel
Consuming high amounts of the _____ form of arsenic can cause health problems such as cancer.
Inorganic
