Chapter 19- animal behavior

Question 1

Reflexes

Answer 1

Simple, automatic responses to stimuli.

Question 2

Simple reflex is controlled by the

Answer 2

spinal cord

Question 3

A two-neuron pathway runs from the:

Answer 3

receptor (afferent neuron) to the motor or efferent neuron

Question 4

Complex reflexes is controlled by

Answer 4

brainstem or cerebrum

Question 5

Reticular activating sustem

Answer 5

A system that required the interactions of many different neurons– for startle response

Question 6

Protective reflexes

Answer 6

Sneezing or coughing

Question 7

Acquired reflex

Answer 7

Person who brakes after seeing an animal. Learned motor pattern.

Question 8

Baroreceptor reflex

Answer 8

Affect systemic blood pressure and stimulate the respiratory rate when blood pressure declines.

Question 9

Chemoreceptor reflexes

Answer 9

Are stimulated when there are changes in pH, pCO2 and pO2.

Question 10

Hering-breuer reflex

Answer 10

composed of two different reflexes: inflation and deflation

Question 11

Inflation reflex

Answer 11

Prevents overexpansion of the lungs during forceful breathing.

Question 12

Deflation reflexes

Answer 12

Inhibits the expiratory center and stimulates the inspiratory center when the lungs are in danger of collapsing.

Question 13

Fixed action patterns

Answer 13

Complex, coordinated, and innate behavioral responses to specific patterns of stimulation in the environment.

Question 14

Releaser

Answer 14

Stimulus that elicits the behavior.

Question 15

Types of fixed action patterns

Answer 15

Maintenance response of female birds to eggs
Animals that herd or flock together
swimming actions of fish
flying action of locusts

Question 16

Circadian rhythms

Answer 16

Daily 24 hour cycle- light and dark.

Question 17

Environmental stimuli

Answer 17

Such as traffic lights

Question 18

Adaptive response

Answer 18

Learned behavior
plays very minor role in lower animals
plays huge role in higher animals

Question 19

The capacity for learning adaptive responses is closely correlated with the:

Answer 19

degree of neurologic development

Question 20

Habituation

Answer 20

simple learning patterns

Suppression of normal startle responses to stimuli

Question 21

Spontaneous recovery

Answer 21

Can happen when stimulus isn’t applied

Opposite of habituation

Question 22

Operant or instrumental conditioning

Answer 22

involves conditioning responses to stimuli with the use of reward or reinforcement

Question 23

B.F Skinner

Answer 23

Operant conditioning

Question 24

Negative reinforcement

Answer 24

Bird learns it will receive food only wen it DOESNT do something– NOT PUNISHMENT

Question 25

Pecking order

Answer 25

Dominant member of same species. Social heiarchy.

Question 26

The larger the population, the smaller the ____ are likely to be

Answer 26

territories

Question 27

Releaser pheromones

Answer 27

Trigger a reversible behavioral change in the recipient. Example: sex attractant

Question 28

Primer pheromones

Answer 28

Long term behavioral and physiological alterations in recipient animals.