chapter 19 Flashcards
Is supported & maintained by muscles & ligaments. Is exposed to severe stresses & strains. Lastly it lacks bony stability?
Knee joint.
The atriculation between the femur & patella; which increases mechanical advantage of quadriceps muscles & protects the knee joint?
Patellofemoral joint
Is located at the most proximal portion of the tibia?
The tibial plateau
Another word for shin?
Crest
Inside ankle bone?
Medial malleolus
What is smaller & lateral to tibia?
Fibula
Outside ankle bone?
Lateral malleolus
Another word for heel bone?
Calcaneus
Is a sesamoid bone incased within the quadriceps muscle tendon?
Patella
Named by their attachment on the tibia. Provides stability on the sagittal plane. They cross each other. Runs anterioir- posterior & visa versa.
Cruciate ligaments
Runs from anterior tibia to posterior femur. Prevents anterior tibial displacement.
Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)
Runs from posterior tibia to anterior femur. Prevents posterior tibial displacement.
Posterior cruciate ligament (PCL)
Provides stability in the frontal plane? Is tight during extension and slack during flexion. Are both posterior to the knee axis.
Collateral ligaments
Attaches to medial condyles of femur & tibia. Attaches to medial meniscus
Medial collateral ligament (MCL)
Attaches lateral condyle of the femur & runs down to the head of the fibula. Has no attachment to menisci. Is strong and seldom injured.
Lateral collateral ligament (LCL)
2 half-moon, wedge-shaped fibrocartilage disks. Located at superior surfsce of tibia. Used for shock absorption.
Menisci
Reduces friction and there is ~13 located at the knee.
Bursa
Area behind the knee
Popliteal space.
part of the quads
O= AIIS
I= tibial tuberosity
A= hip flexion, knee extension
Rectus femoris
quad muscle
O= linea aspera
I= tibisl tuberosity via patellar tendon
A= knee extension
Vastus lateralis
quad muscle
O= linea aspera (middle of femur)
I= tibial tuberosity via patellar tendon
A= knee extension
Vastus medialis
quad muscle
O= anterior femur
I= tibial tuberosity via patellar tendon
A= knee extension
Vastus intermedialis
What are the 4 quadricep muscles?
Rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, vastus intermedialis
What are the 3 hamstring muscles?
Semitendinosus, biceps femoris, semimembranosus
hamstring
O= ischial tuberosity
I= anteromedial surfsce of proximal tibia
A= extend hip, knee flexion
Semitendinosus
*hamstring*
O= long head: ischial tuberosity
Short head: lateral lip of linea aspera
I= femoral head
A= long head: extend hip, knee flexion
Short head: knee flexionBiceps femoris
hamstring
O= ischial tuberosity
I= posterior surfsce of medial condyle of tibia
A= extend hip, flex knee
Semimembranosus
unlocks knee
O= lateral condyle of femur
I= posteriorly on medial condyle of tibia
A= initiates knee flexion
Popliteus
2 joint muscle & strong ankle plantar flexor
O= medial & lateral condyles of femur
I= posterior calcaneus
A= knee fkexion, ankle plantar flexor
Gastrocnemius
