chapter 15 & 21 Flashcards
Establishes & maintains the longitudinal axis of the body. Motions occur as a result of the combined motions of the individual veretebrae.
Vertebral column
Protects the spinal cord. Shock absorption and transmission (intervertebral disc)
Spinal cloumn
Provides the vertebral column with more strength and resilience (10x more than if a straight rod)
Vertebral curves
Small, smooth, flat surface on a bone
Facet
Anterior, weight bearing part of the vertebrae
Body of the vertebrae
Posterior portion of the vertebrae
Vertebral arch
The opening for the spinal cord
Vertebral foramen
Where one vertebrae sits on another
Articular process
Most posterior palpable part of the vertebrae
Spinous process
Between each vertebrae. Absorbs and transmits shock. Maintains flexibility of Vertebral column.
Intervertebral disk
Outside of the intervertebral disk
Annulus fibrosus
Inside the intervertebral disk
Nucleus fibrosus
C1 is also called the what? Also helps give the neck is rotating capability
Atlas
C2 is referred to as this? Gives the neck a pivot point due to the odontoid process
Axis
C7 has a long & prominent spinous process
C7
Where the ribs articulate with the vertebrae
Costal facets
Region of the back that is most injured. Absorbs most of the bodies weight and the weight we carry. Most of the motion occurs at L4-L5.
Lumbar spine
O= sternum and clavicle
I= mastoid process
A= bilat: flexes neck
Unilat: laterally bends the neck, rotation to opposite
sideSternocleidomastoid
O= transverse processes of cervical vertebrae
I= ribs 1-2
A= bilat: assists neck flexion
Unilat: lateral bending of the neck
Scalene
A= trunk flexion; compression of the abdomen
Rectus abdominis
A= bilat: trunk flexion & compression of abdomen
Unilat: lateral flexion, rotation to opposite side
External obliques
A= bilat: trunk flexion, compression of abdomen
Unilat: lateral flexion, rotation to same side
Internal obliques
A= compression of abdomen
Transverse abdominis
Can be static or dynamic, deals with alignment of various body segments
Posture
This must be maintained at all times.
Vertebral alignment
During gait; pelvis dips side to side
Lateral pelvic tilt
Decrease the amount of stress placed on ligaments, muscles, and tendons. Improves function. Decreases amount of muscle energy needed to keep the body upright.
Good posture
The worst position for you
Sitting
