Chapter 18 Pain, Anesthesia, and Drug Therapy Flashcards
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nociceptive pain
is perceived when pain receptors sense damage to tissues
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inflammatory pain
a type of nociceptive pain, generally stems from the release of proinflammatory neurotransmitters
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Neuropathic pain
abnormal pain signaling that occurs in the CNS or PNS and occurs when nerve fibers are overactive and send pain signals when pain should be felt
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centralized pain
is a type of pain that happens when the CNS doesn’t process pain signals properly
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acute pain
associated with trauma or surgery. easier to manage by identifying and treating the cause
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chronic nonmalignant pain
describes pain that lasts longer than twelve weeks and may or may not have a diagnosed cause
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chronic malignant pain
describes pain that accompanies malignant disease and often increases in severity as the disease progresses
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breakthrough pain
describes when pain of greater intensity occurs intermittently for no particular reason
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analgesic
a drug that alleviates pain
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provoked pain
describes pain that is more intense than background pain but has a clear cause, like a wound cleaning
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anesthesia
an intervention used for intentional loss of feeling in a person’s body or part of the body when pain relief is required for patient care
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general anesthesia
causes reversible unconsciousness and absence of response to otherwise painful stimuli
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neuraxial anesthesia
blocks sensation through the injection of an anesthetic agent into a nerve in the CNS without making the patient unconscious
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barbituate
a depressant fir the central nervous system that also acts as an antianxiety, hypnotic, and anticonvulsant agent
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hypervolemia
excessive blood volume in the body; a reduction in renal function; nausea and vomiting
