Chapter 11 respiratory system Flashcards
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Respiratory system
contains specific organs that are responsible for obtaining oxygen from the air through inhalation, supplying oxygen to the cells in the body through gas exchange, and removing carbon dioxide from the body via exhalation
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Asthma
an inflammatory disorder of the airways and causes coughing, wheezing, breathlessness, and chest tightness
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bronchospasm
spasmodic contraction of the smooth muscles of the bronchioles or small airways
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Asthma attack
hyperreactivity of the airways and bronchospasm, usually in response to allergens or irritants
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pulmonary function tests
can be done to assess asthma severity
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Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
refers to a group of chronic lung diseases that impede airflow and cause breathing difficulty
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bronchitis
a condition in which the lining of the bronchial airways becomes inflamed, which obstructs airflow during expiration
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emphysema
characterized by destruction of the tiny alveoli, or air sacs, of the lungs, which results in air accumulation in tissues and organs
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cystic fibrosis (CF)
is a hereditary disease that involves the gastrointestinal and respiratory systems. CF can be fatal
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percussion
a tapping movement to induce cough and expectoration of sputum from the lungs
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gene therapy
is the process of altering genes inside the body to treat or prevent disease
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aspiration
involves inhalation of fluids from the mouth and throat, is a common occurrence in both healthy and ill individuals during sleep
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histoplasmosis
caused by a fungus that most commonly occurs in accumulated droppings from bats and various birds
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antitussive
an agent that suppresses coughing and is indicated when cough frequently needs to be reduced, especially when the cough is dry and non-productive
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decongestant
stimulates the alpha-adrenergic receptors of the vascular smooth muscle, constricting the dilated arteriolar network within the nasal mucosa
