Chapter 18 Hormones

Question 1

adrenaline (epinephrine)

Answer 1

secreted by the adrenal medulla; increases heart rate and blood pressure

Question 2

adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

Answer 2

secreted by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland; stimulates the adrenal cortex

Question 3

aldosterone

Answer 3

secreted by the adrenal cortex; increases salt reabsorption

Question 4

androgen

Answer 4

male hormone secreted by the testes and to a lesser extend by the adrenal cortex; testosterone is an example

Question 5

antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

Answer 5

secreted by the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland; increases reabsorption of water by the kidney

Question 6

calcitonin

Answer 6

secreted by the thyroid gland; decreases blood calcium levels

Question 7

cortisol

Answer 7

secreted by the adrenal cortex in times of stress and has an anti-inflammatory effect; increases blood sugar

Question 8

epinephrine (adrenaline)

Answer 8

secreted by the adrenal medulla; increases heart rate and blood pressure and dilates airways “fight or flight”

Question 9

estradiol

Answer 9

estrogen (female hormone) secreted by the ovaries

Question 10

estrogen

Answer 10

female hormone secreted by the ovaries and to a lesser extent by the adrenal cortex

Question 11

follicle-stimulating hormone

Answer 11

secreted by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland; stimulates hormone secretion and egg production by the ovaries and sperm production by the testes

Question 12

glucagon

Answer 12

secreted by the alpha islet cells of the pancreas; increases blood sugar by conversion of glycogen (starch) to glucose

Question 13

growth hormone (GH); somatotropin

Answer 13

secreted by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland; stimulates growth of bones and soft tissue

Question 14

insulin

Answer 14

secreted by beta islet cells of the pancreas; helps glucose pass into cells and promotes conversion of glucose to glycogen

Question 15

luteinizing hormone (LH)

Answer 15

secreted by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland; stimulates ovulation in females and testosterone secretion in males

Question 16

norepinephrine

Answer 16

secreted by the adrenal medulla; increases heart rate and blood pressure

Question 17

oxytocin (OT)

Answer 17

secreted by the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland; stimulates contraction of the uterus during childbirth

Question 18

parathormone (PTH)

Answer 18

secreted by the parathyroid glands; increases blood calcium

Question 19

progesterone

Answer 19

secreted by the ovaries; prepares the uterus for pregnancy

Question 20

prolactin (PRL)

Answer 20

secreted by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland; promotes milk secretion

Question 21

somatotropin (STH)

Answer 21

secreted by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland; growth hormone

Question 22

testosterone

Answer 22

male hormone secreted by the testes

Question 23

thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH); thyrotropin

Answer 23

secreted by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland; acts on the thyroid gland to promote its functioning

Question 24

thyroxine (T4)

Answer 24

secreted by the thyroid gland; also called tetraiodothyronine; increases metabolism in cells

Question 25

triiodothyronine (T3)

Answer 25

secreted by the thyroid gland; increases metabolism in cells

Question 26

vasopressin

Answer 26

secreted by the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland; increases water reabsorption and raises blood pressue