Chapter 17 Vocab- Eye Flashcards

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1
Q

accommodation

A

normal adjustment of the eye to focus on objects from far to near; ciliary body adjusts the lens (rounding it) and the pupil constricts

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2
Q

anterior chamber

A

area behind the cornea and in front of the lens and iris; contains aqueous humor

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3
Q

aqueous humor

A

fluid produced by the ciliary body and found in the anterior chamber

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4
Q

biconvex

A

consisting of two surfaces that are rounded, elevated and curved evenly like part of a sphere; lens of an eye is a biconvex body

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5
Q

choroid

A

middle, vascular layer of the eye, between the retina and the sclera

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6
Q

ciliary body

A

structure of each side of the lens that connects the choroid and iris; contains ciliary muscles that control the shape of the lens and secreted aqueous humor

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7
Q

cone

A

photoreceptor cell in the retina that transforms light energy into a nerve impulse; responsible for colour and central vision

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8
Q

conjunctiva

A

delicate membrane lining the eyelids and covering the eyeball

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9
Q

cornea

A

fibrous transparent layer of clear tissue that extends over the anterior portion of the eyeball

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10
Q

fovea centralis

A

tiny bit of depression in the retina that is the region of clearest vision

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11
Q

fundus of the eye

A

posterior, inner part of the eye; visualized with an ophthalmoscope

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12
Q

iris

A

pigmented (coloured) area that opens and closes to allow more or less light into the eye; central opening of the iris is the pupil

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13
Q

lens

A

transparent, biconvex body behind the pupil of the eye; bends light rays to bring them into focus on the retina

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14
Q

macula

A

yellowish region on the retina lateral to and slightly below the optic disc; contains fovea centralis

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15
Q

optic chiasm

A

point at which optic nerve fibers cross in the brain

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16
Q

optic disc

A

region at the back of the eye where the optic nerve meets the retina; blind spot because only nerve fibers, no rods or cones, insensitive to light

17
Q

optic nerve

A

cranial nerve carrying impulses from the retina to the brain (cerebral cortex)

18
Q

pupil

A

central opening of the eye, surrounded by the iris, through which light rays pass; appears dark

19
Q

refraction

A

bending of light rays by the cornea, lens, and fluids of the eye to bring the rays into focus on the retina

20
Q

retina

A

light-sensitive nerve cell layer of the eye containing photoreceptor cells (rods and cones)

21
Q

rod

A

photoreceptor cell of the retina essential for vision in low light and for peripheral vision

22
Q

sclera

A

tough, white outer coat of the eyeball

23
Q

thalamus

A

relay center of the brain; optic nerve fibres pass through on their way to the cerebral cortex

24
Q

vitreous humor

A

soft, jelly-like material behind the lens in the vitreous chamber; helps maintain the shape of the eyeball