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Behavior Modification > chapter 18- exam 2 > Flashcards

chapter 18- exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

punishment by application of aversive activities

A
  • overcorrection
  • contingent exercise
  • guided compliance
  • physical restraint
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2
Q

overcorrection

A
  • the individual has to engage in effortful behavior contingent on the problem behavior
  • restitution: contingent on the problem behavior, the individual is required to fix the environment disrupted by the problem behavior
  • positive practice: contingent on the problem behavior the individual has to engage in correct forms of relevant behavior for a period of time
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3
Q

contingent exercise

A
  • contingent on the problem behavior, the individual engages in some effortful behavior for a specified period of time
  • the effortful behavior is unrelated to the problem behavior
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4
Q

guided compliance

A
  • contingent on problem behavior that occurs following a request, the individual is physically guided to comply with the request
  • involves positive punishment to decrease the problem behavior because physical guidance is contingent on the problem behavior
  • involves negative reinforcement to increase compliance because removal of physical guidance is contingent on compliance
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5
Q

physical restraint

A
  • contingent on the problem behavior, the body part involved in the behavior is held immobile for a specified period of time
  • often used with response blocking or response interruption
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6
Q

application of aversive activities

A
  • contingent on the problem behavior, the child was made to engage in an aversive activity. As a result, the problem behavior was less likely to occur in the future
  • when applying an aversive activity as a positive punisher, the change agent instructs the client to engage in the aversive activity immediately contingent on the problem behavior. If the client does not engage in the activity when instructed, the change agent then uses physical guidance
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7
Q

overcorrection

A
  • decrease aggressive and disruptive behaviors exhibited by people with intellectual disabilities in institutional settings
  • client is required to engage in an effortful behavior for an extended period contingent on each instances of the problem behavior
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8
Q

positive practice

A
  • type of overcorrection
  • client has to engage in correct forms of relevant behavior contingent on an instance of the problem behavior
    • student makes errors on spelling sheet because she rushed. student must write all the misspelled words 10 times
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9
Q

restitution

A
  • type of overcorrection
  • a procedure in which contingent on each instance of the problem behavior, the client must correct the environmental effects of the problem behavior and restore the environment to a condition better than that which existed before the problem behavior
  • client overcorrects the environmental effects of the problem behavior
  • ex: little girl writes on walls with crayons, father made her clean that wall and another
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10
Q

contingent exercise

A
  • the client is made to engage in some form of physical exercise contingent on an instance of the problem behavior
  • the aversive activity involves physical exercise that is unrelated to the problem behavior
  • ex: Johnny swears, dad catches him, he has to clean windows
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11
Q

guided complainance

A
  • the person is guided physically through the requested activity contingent on the occurrence of the problem behavior
  • withdrawn once person complies
  • ex: making child pick up things
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12
Q

physical restraint

A
  • punishment procedure in which the change agent holds immobile the part of the clients body that is involved in the behavior
  • response blocking
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13
Q

cautions in the application of aversive activities

A
  • only be used when the change agent can provide physical guidance
  • the change agent must anticipate that the client may resist the physical guidance, must be certain they can
  • must make sure the guidance is not reinforcing
  • no harm to client
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14
Q

application of aversive stimulation

A
  • bruxism - grinding teeth
  • the application of aversive stimulation involves delivering an aversive stimulus after the problem behavior
  • ex: electric shock, spray mist
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15
Q

positive punishment

A
  • last resort

- punishment not involving aversive event is more acceptable

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16
Q

considerations in using positive punishment

A
  • use functional intervention first
  • implement differential reinforcement with punishment
  • consider the function of the problem behavior
  • choose the aversive stimulus with care
  • collect data to make treatment decision
  • address the ethical consideration in the use of punishment
17
Q

ethics of punishment

A
  • informed consent
  • alternative treatments
  • recipient safety
  • problem safety
  • implementation guidelines
  • training and supervision
  • peer review
  • accountability

Behavior Modification (14 decks)

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