Chapter 18 Flashcards
Couperin
Organist for king and at St. Gervais church in Paris
Taught harpsichord lessons
Published his own music
1716: Wrote L’Art de toucher le clavecin
Composed harpsichord suites (called “ordres”)
“La visionnaire” (“The Dreamer”) from Vingt-cinquième ordre (1730)
active proponent of blending French and Italian styles
Ospedale
Ospedali are state-run shelters for ill, poor, and homeless children. they educated girls in music to:
occupy their time
enhance prospects
earn donations
ospedali performances were popular because
1. it was not common for women to sing and perform
2. girls were behind glass which added to mystery of it
Pio Ospedale della Pietà
Pieta
Pio Ospedale della Pietà - home for orphans, illegitimate, or poor boys and girls. became famous for its all-female musical ensembles that attracted tourists and patrons from around Europe. Vivaldi composed for them
Rameau
Early career: organist in the provinces
Later career: composer/theorist in Paris (1722 on)
Lully’s successor in French opera
wrote Traité de l’harmonie (1722):
ritornello form
standard for fast movements in Baroque Concerto
orchestral ritornello alternates with solo episodes
opening ritornello can be broken into sections and recombined in later appearances
Hyppolyte et Aricie. (tragedie lyrique)
Traite de l’harmonie (Treatise on Harmony)
written by Rameau.
described how chords (esp. tonic, dominant, and subdominant) related to one another, arguing that all musical parameters derive from these basic harmonic functions (emphasis on verticality)
Vivaldi
Known as “the red priest”
violinist, teacher, composer
1703 on: master of concerts at the Pio Ospedale della Pietà in Venice
His ritornello form was a model for later composers
Composed: concertos, operas, orchestral concertos, sinfonias, and other similar genres
Concerto for Violin and Orchestra in A Minor, Op. 3, No. 6, first movement
