Chapter 17

Question 1

Abendmusiken

Answer 1

Buxtehude was famous for Abendmusiken, public concerts at St Mary’s

Question 2

Buxtehude

Answer 2

Renowned organist and composer
Influenced J.S. Bach
Organist at St. Mary’s Church in Lübeck
Famed for Abendmusiken and public concerts

Praeludium in E major, BuxWV 141

Question 3

concerto (also solo concerto vs concerto grosso)

Answer 3

New genre of late 1600s
instrumental version of concertato medium
multiple, contrasting movements
Leading composers: Corelli, Torelli, Vivaldi

Types of concertos
concerto grosso: small ensemble of solo instruments (concertino) against large ensemble (concerto grosso)
solo concerto: one or more soloists and string orchestra (tutti, or ripieno)

Question 4

Corelli

Answer 4

Trio Sonata in D Major, Op. 3, No. 2, mt1.
Corelli established early orchestras in Italy; laid foundation for string playing

Question 5

da capo aria

Answer 5

Form ABA’
displays a particular affect or psychological state
Alessandro Scarlatti’s Griselda (1720-21)

Question 6

diva culture

Answer 6

focus on aria in opera seria (numbers increased!) = focus on singer = diva culture

Question 7

Reinhard Keiser

Answer 7

establishes German operatic tradition.

Question 8

Opera seria

Answer 8

18th-century genre of Italian opera, on a serious subject but normally with a happy ending, usually without comic characters and scenes. Singing is virtuosic.

CHARACTERISTICS
recitative and aria most important type of music (greater separation)
focus on aria (numbers increased!) = focus on singer = diva culture
aria forms: strophic, ostinato, rondo, da capo

Question 9

prelude

Answer 9

a. short piece, entire melody presented once in recognizable form.

organ music could be a prelude to something else

Question 10

A. Scarlatti

Answer 10

wrote Griselda (da capo aria).
wrote more than 600 cantatas.

Question 11

sonata (also solo sonata vs trio sonata, chamber sonata vs church sonata)

Answer 11

Sonata: An instrumental work in several contrasting sections, of which the first and some of the others are in imitative counterpoint

TRIO SONATA: sonata for two treble instruments (most often violins) above a basso continuo
SOLO SONATA: sonata for one treble instrument above a basso continuo

TWO TYPES
Chamber sonata (sonata da camera): stylized dance movements
Church sonata (sonata da chiesa): abstract movements