chapter 17 (done)

Question 1

Cerebrospinal fluid is found in the ________.

Answer 1

subarachnoid space

Question 2

Which type of neuroglia has phagocytic capabilities in the CNS?

Answer 2

Microglial cells

Question 3

The concept of “immunologically privileged” explains why the CNS ________.

Answer 3

has a reduced immune response compared to the rest of the body

Question 4

Meningococcemia is ________.

Answer 4

All of the choices are correct.

Question 5

Prophylactic rifampin is indicated for individuals in close contact with patients infected by ________.

Answer 5

Neisseria meningitidis

Question 6

Which of the following is a sign of meningitis?

Answer 6

All of the choices are correct.

Question 7

Neisseria meningitidis is transmitted by ________.

Answer 7

close contact

Question 8

Arthrospores of Coccidioides immitis develop into _______ that will release endospores into the lungs.

Answer 8

Spherules

Question 9

Which of the following is not true of Streptococcus pneumoniae?

Answer 9

Responds well to penicillin

Question 10

Each of the following is true for Listeria monocytogenes except ________.

Answer 10

Fastidious

Question 11

Which of the following pertains to both tetanus and foodborne botulism?

Answer 11

Treatment involves antitoxin therapy

Question 12

Which of the following is not true of meningoencephalitis?

Answer 12

Causative organisms are viruses

Question 13

Which organism is a common cause of meningitis in AIDS patients and can be found in bird droppings?

Answer 13

Cryptococcus neoformans

Question 14

Spongiform encephalopathies are ________.

Answer 14

All of the choices are correct.

Question 15

Each of the following is true for Toxoplasma gondii except ________.

Answer 15

has a narrow host range

Question 16

Patients with Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease live ________.

Answer 16

less than 1 year post diagnosis

Question 17

The Salk IPV and the Sabin OPV differ from one another in that ________.

Answer 17

All of the choices are correct.

Question 18

Which of the following is not a prion disease?

Answer 18

Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis

Question 19

Which is incorrect about rabies?

Answer 19

Average incubation in human is 1 week

Question 20

Treatment of an animal bite for possible rabies includes ________.

Answer 20

All of the choices are correct.

Question 21

In paralytic polio, what structures are damaged?

Answer 21

Anterior horn cells

Question 22

Production of a neurotoxin that binds to target sites on spinal cord neurons responsible for inhibiting skeletal muscle contraction is a characteristic of ________.

Answer 22

Clostridium tetani

Question 23

Polio virus initially multiplies in the ________.

Answer 23

oropharynx and intestine

Question 24

Choose the microorganism that is the causative agent of the most serious acute form of bacterial meningitis to test your understanding of this disease.

Answer 24

Neisseria meningitidis

Question 25

The foodborne disease that involves neurotoxin is ________.

Answer 25

Botulism

Question 26

Which of the following statements is incorrect regarding the characteristics of Zika virus disease?

Answer 26

Individuals who live in mosquito-infested areas can be administered a vaccine as prevention.

Question 27

# A 20-year-old female college student is admitted to the intensive care u . NCLEX Based upon the patient’s symptoms, which of the following tests is most important to obtain a diagnosis?

Answer 27

Lumbar puncture

Question 28

Which is the exotoxin of botulism?

Answer 28

Botulinum

Question 29

# A 20-year-old female college student is admitted to the intensive care u NCLEX Based upon the patient’s clinical presentation and course of illness, what is the most likely diagnosis?

Answer 29

Meningitis

Question 30

# A 75-year-old female is brought to the emergency department by ambulance What components of the patient’s history are most important for the nurse to collect during the initial triage assessment?

Answer 30

Past medical history, mosquito exposure, allergies, medications

Question 31

# A 75-year-old female is brought to the emergency department by ambulance The patient’s son is anxious about his mother’s prognosis. He asks the RN if his mother will survive the infection. What is the best response by the nurse?

Answer 31

Unfortunately, we see about a 70% mortality rate for this disease. We are doing everything we can do to provide excellent care for your mother.

Question 32

# A 20-year-old female college student is admitted to the intensive care u Which antibiotic(s) would the nurse expect the medical team to prescribe to treat pneumococcus?

Answer 32

Vancomycin and ceftriaxone

Question 33

# A 20-year-old female college student is admitted to the intensive care u What is the best measure of prevention for pneumococcus?

Answer 33

Vaccination with Pneumovax 23

Question 34

# A 20-year-old female college student is admitted to the intensive care u A lumbar puncture is performed, which confirms a diagnosis of meningitis. The pathology report indicates that the cerebral spinal fluid sample was found to have gram-positive cocci in pairs and the patient is diagnosed with pneumococcus. What is the causative organism?

Answer 34

Streptococcus pneumoniae

Question 35

# A 75-year-old female is brought to the emergency department by ambulance The RN updates the patient’s son on the plan of treatment. What is the most appropriate antibiotic to treat this illness?

Answer 35

No antibiotic therapy is indicated.

Question 36

# A 75-year-old female is brought to the emergency department by ambulance Multiple tests are performed, and the patient is diagnosed with Eastern Equine Encephalitis. What is the best initial treatment regimen?

Answer 36

Hydration, antiepileptic drugs, antipyretics

Question 37

# An RN is part of a team that has traveled to sub-Saharan Africa to volun Which of the following diseases should the nurse be most concerned about, considering the patient’s presentation?

Answer 37

Polio

Question 38

# An RN is part of a team that has traveled to sub-Saharan Africa to volun How is the poliovirus transmitted?

Answer 38

Fecal-oral

Question 39

# An RN is part of a team that has traveled to sub-Saharan Africa to volun Serological testing on the patient’s cerebral spinal fluid confirms a diagnosis of polio. What is the best treatment modality?

Answer 39

Pain control and respiratory support

Question 40

# An RN is part of a team that has traveled to sub-Saharan Africa to volun The RN assists in educating the patient’s mother about the diagnosis through a translator. What is the causative agent for polio?

Answer 40

Poliovirus

Question 41

Question 42

Polio

Answer 42

Virus is transmitted by vehicles or the fecal- oral route IPV is used for prevention today in the united states

Question 43

Tetanus

Answer 43

Characterized by spastic paralysis Prevention is the DTaP vaccine along with TD boosters every 10 years

Question 44

Rabies

Answer 44

Slow, progressive encephalitis transmitted by bites or droplets Treatment is post exposure active and passive immunization

Question 45

Botulism

Answer 45

Characterized by flaccid paralysis Treatment involves the use of a trivalent antitoxin to inactivate the exotoxin made by the causative bacterium

Question 46

Question 47

A hunter in NC was bitten by a raccoon caught in his trap eight weeks ago, now displays agitation, disorientation and seizures.

Answer 47

Rabies

Question 48

A 73-year-old farmer gashed his hand on a barbed wire fence one week ago and is now experiencing uncontrollable muscle spasms in his jaw.

Answer 48

Tetanus

Question 49

A 5-month-old with colic was given her pacifier dipped in honey to ease her crying and is now having difficulty sucking, is ‘floppy’, and has labored breathing.

Answer 49

Botulism

Question 50

A woman gives birth to an infant with severe liver damage and hydrocephalus. She owns several cats.

Answer 50

Toxoplasmosis

Question 51

A 68-year-old woman was bitten several times by mosquitoes while gardening and now has a fever, neck stiffness, and a severe headache

Answer 51

Encephalitis

Question 52

Slow, progressive zoonotic viral disease characterized by fatal encephalitis and with hydrophobia as a symptom

Answer 52

Rabies

Question 53

Acute enteroviral infection of the spinal cord that can cause neuromuscular paralysis

Answer 53

Poliomyelitis

Question 54

A neuromuscular disease caused by a spore-forming bacterium that produces a powerful neurotoxin that leads to spastic paralysis

Answer 54

tetanus

Question 55

An intoxication, associated with eating poorly preserved foods, which results in flaccid paralysis

Answer 55

Botulism

Question 56

# A telephone advice RN receives a phone call from a 75-year-old male who Which of the following diseases is the greatest risk to the patient, considering the mechanism of injury?

Answer 56

Rabies

Question 57

# A telephone advice RN receives a phone call from a 75-year-old male who The RN advises the patient to seek medical attention ______.

Answer 57

immediately

Question 58

# A telephone advice RN receives a phone call from a 75-year-old male who If the patient is diagnosed with this infectious disease, the RN anticipates that treatment of the patient will include which of the following?

Answer 58

All of these would be treatments.

Question 59

# A telephone advice RN receives a phone call from a 75-year-old male who .The RN advises the patient that without treatment, he is at risk of which of the following?

Answer 59

Fatal encephalitis

Question 60

# An RN is leading a public health education program about the West Nile v What is the most common mode of transmission for West Nile virus?

Answer 60

Arthropod bites

Question 61

# An RN is leading a public health education program about the West Nile v The RN educates the community about symptoms of West Nile infection. Which of the following are initial symptoms of infection?

Answer 61

Fever, body aches, and rash

Question 62

# An RN is leading a public health education program about the West Nile v Which of the following is the most important topic of education regarding prevention of West Nile infection?

Answer 62

Insect control

Question 63

# An RN is leading a public health education program about the West Nile v Which of the following methods of vector control should be emphasized in the community education program?

Answer 63

All of the choices are correct.

Question 64

# An 18-month-old male is admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit wi Based on the patient’s clinical presentation, which of the following is the most accurate differential diagnosis(es)?

Answer 64

Viral meningitis and bacterial meningitis

Question 65

# An 18-month-old male is admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit wi What may the RN expect to be ordered immediately in the case of a patient with this differential diagnosis?

Answer 65

All the choices are correct

Question 66

# An 18-month-old male is admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit wi The RN ensures that chemotherapy begins as soon as possible. What is the initial drug the RN anticipates to be ordered for this patient?

Answer 66

Penicillin G

Question 67

# An 18-month-old male is admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit wi What is the most common bacterial cause of this disease in children younger than 2 years of age?

Answer 67

Neisseria meningitidis

Question 68

# An 18-month-old male is admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit wi What of the following describe the type of cells the RN would expect to be found upon staining of a specimen from a patient with this disease caused by Neisseria meningitidis?

Answer 68

Gram-negative cocci