chapter 17 - darwin's theory of evolution

Question 1

charles darwin

Answer 1

developed theory of evolution after 5 year journey across continents on the HSS Beagle, published “On the Origin of Species”

Question 2

scientist hutton

Answer 2

coined “deep time,” decided earth was millions, not thousands, of years old

Question 3

scientist malthus

Answer 3

studied population growth and how competition would increase

Question 4

scientist lamarck

Answer 4

thought you could acquire traits and pass them down

Question 5

scientist wallace

Answer 5

speculated about evolution while darwin went quiet

Question 6

scientist lyell

Answer 6

also thought earth was old, published “Principles of Geology”

Question 7

adaptation

Answer 7

heritable characteristic that allows organism to adapt to its environment

Question 8

fitness

Answer 8

how well an organism can survive in its environment

Question 9

natural selection

Answer 9

only organisms most suited for their environment survive and reproduce

Question 10

mimicry

Answer 10

organism resembles a more dangerous and fit organism

Question 11

camouflage

Answer 11

organism blends in with environment to avoid predators

Question 12

variation

Answer 12

variation in an organisms genetics

Question 13

biogeography

Answer 13

study of species and where/when they lived

Question 14

homologus structure

Answer 14

structure similar to that of an ancestor

Question 15

vestigial structure

Answer 15

structure inherited but no longer used; eg. tailbone, wisdom teeth

Question 16

analogus structure

Answer 16

structure with similar purpose to one in another species but not from common ancestor