chapter 15 - the human genome Flashcards

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1
Q

genome

A

full set of genes in an organism’s DNA

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2
Q

karyotype

A

shows complete diploid set of a cell in order

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3
Q

sex chromosomes

A

2/46 chromosomes that determine an individual’s sex

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4
Q

autosomes

A

44/46 non-sex chromosomes

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5
Q

sex-linked gene

A

gene on a sex chromosome

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6
Q

pedigree

A

chart that shows trait relationships throughout generations of a family

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7
Q

nondisjunction

A

when homologus chromosomes fail to properly separate

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8
Q

typical male sex chromosomes:

A

XY

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9
Q

typical female sex chromosomes:

A

XX

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10
Q

huntington’s disease

A

autosomal dominant; harms brain at age 30-40, copies a codon over and over

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11
Q

cystic fibrosis

A

autosomal recessive; mucus builds up in lungs; having a single allele can prevent typhoid

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12
Q

sickle cell disease

A

autosomal recessive; changes shape of blood cells and has bad effects; having a single allele can prevent malaria

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