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Psych Nursing > Chapter 17 Bipolar > Flashcards

Chapter 17 Bipolar Flashcards

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1
Q

a pervasive and sustained emotion that may have a major influence on a person’s perception of the world

A

mood

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2
Q

the emotional reaction associated with an experience

A

affect

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3
Q

an alteration in mood that is expressed by feelings of elation, inflated self-esteem, grandiosity, hyperactivity, agitation, and accelerated thinking and speaking

A

mania

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4
Q

describe bipolar epidemiology

A

gender incidence is equal
average onset is 20s
more common in single people
more common in increased socioeconomic classes

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5
Q

characterized by mood swings from profound depression to extreme euphoria (mania), with intervening periods of normalcy

A

bipolar disorder

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6
Q

are delusions and hallucinations part of the clinical picture of bipolar disorder

A

sometimes

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7
Q

milder form of mania

A

hypomania

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8
Q

describe bipolar 1 disorder

A

Client is experiencing, or has experienced, a full syndrome of manic or mixed symptoms.
May also have experienced episodes of depression

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9
Q

describe bipolar 2 disorder

A

Characterized by bouts of major depression with episodic occurrence of hypomania
Has never met criteria for full manic episode

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10
Q

describe cyclothymic disorder

A

Chronic mood disturbance
At least 2-year duration
Numerous episodes of hypomania and depressed mood of insufficient severity to meet the criteria for either bipolar I or II disorder

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11
Q

biological causes of bipolar disorder

A

genetics
excess norepinephrine and dopamine
brain lesion
med side effects

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12
Q

Bipolar disorder is viewed as

A

a disease of the brain

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13
Q

drug therapy for children with bipolar

A

Lithium
Divalproex
Carbamazepine
Atypical antipsychotics

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14
Q

what is a common co morbid condition of children with bipolar

A

ADHD

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15
Q

Symptoms may be categorized by

A

degree of severity

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16
Q

stage 1 of bipolar

A

Hypomania: Symptoms not sufficiently severe to cause marked impairment in social or occupational functioning or to require hospitalization
cheerful mood, rapid flow of ideas, increased motor activity

17
Q

stage 2 of bipolar

A

Acute mania: Marked impairment in functioning; usually requires hospitalization
elation/euphoria, flight of ideas, hallucinations/delusions, excessive motor activity

18
Q

stage 3 of bipolar

A

Delirious mania: A grave form of the disorder characterized by an intensification of the symptoms associated with acute mania. The condition is rare since the advent of antipsychotic medication.
Labile, anxiety, frenzied

19
Q

Evaluation of the effectiveness of the nursing interventions is measured by

A

fulfillment of the outcome criteria

20
Q

treatment modalities for bipolar disorder

A

Individual psychotherapy
Group therapy
Family therapy
Cognitive therapy

21
Q

Learning how to live a safe, dignified, full, and self-determined life in the face of the enduring disability which may, at times, be associated with serious mental illness

A

recovery model

22
Q

what can be used to treat episodes of mania if pt is not responding to meds

A

ECT

23
Q

meds for mania

A

Lithium carbonate
Anticonvulsants
Verapamil
Antipsychotics

24
Q

what may trigger mania

A

antidepressants

25
Q

anticonvulsant education

A

Refrain from discontinuing the drug abruptly.
Report the following symptoms to the physician immediately: skin rash, unusual bleeding, spontaneous bruising, sore throat, fever, malaise, dark urine, and yellow skin or eyes.
Avoid using alcohol and over-the-counter medications without approval from physician

26
Q

what is lithium used for

A

mania

27
Q

Verapamil education

A

Do not discontinue the drug abruptly.

Rise slowly from sitting or lying position to prevent sudden drop in blood pressure.

28
Q

what symptoms following verapamil should be reported to the physician

A 
Irregular heart beat; chest pain
Shortness of breath; pronounced dizziness
Swelling of hands and feet
Profound mood swings
Severe and persistent headache
29
Q

What is the difference between Bipolar Affective Disorder (BAD) I and II?

A

1: full mania
2: hypomania and major depression

30
Q

chronic mood disturbance of at least 2 years in duration and never without symptoms for more than 2 months

A

cyclothymic disorder

31
Q

characterized by manic episodes that can but does not have to also occur alongside episodes of depression

A

BAD

32
Q

What are nursing diagnoses commonly used with a patient exhibiting mania?

A

Risk for Injury, Risk for Violence: Self-Directed or Other-Directed, Imbalanced Nutrition: Less Than Body Requirements, and Impaired Social Interaction.

33
Q

What are the curative factors

A

installation of hope, universality, imparting of info, altruism, Corrective recapitulation of the primary family group, development of socializing techniques, Imitative behavior, interpersonal learning, Group cohesiveness,Catharsis, existential factors

34
Q

assimilated by group members to help individuals gain self-esteem through mutual sharing and concern for each other. Providing assistance and support to others creates a positive self-image and promotes self-growth.

A

altruism

35
Q

“the individual is taught to control thought distortions that are considered to be a factor in the development and maintenance of mood disorders”

A

cognitive theory

36
Q

Bipolar Affect disorder most likely results from an interaction between which three determinants?

A

Genetic, biological, and psycho-social factors most likely result in Bipolar disorder

37
Q

when is early onset and very early onset schizophrenia

A

early: <17

very early: <13

38
Q

the client is taught to say loudly, “Go away!” or “Leave me alone!” in a conscious effort to dismiss the auditory perception. This activity allows the client to exert some conscious control over auditory hallucinations.

A

voice dismissal

39
Q

Is BAD completely treatable, with no further episodes?

A

In bipolar disorder, recovery is a continuous process. Although there is no cure for bipolar disorder, recover is possible in the sense of learning to prevent and minimize symptoms and to successfully cope with the effects of the illness on mood, career, and social life

Psych Nursing (21 decks)

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