Chapter 17 Flashcards
a healthy mind in a healthy body: emotional
- depression
- anxiety
- self-esteem
- over-all-well being
what we know about PA and health
improves and maintains mental health
what we dont know PA and health
mode
frequency
duration
acute vs chronic exercise
exercising today vs active in the last week
depression
1 in 3 people- at some point in their lives
evidence is building
cross sectional and prospective study
adolescents and adults
meds can help with how many neurotransmitters
mild- moderate depression
aerobic or anaerobic (mod intensity)
exercise is better than meds
exercise and depression study
blumethal et al (1999) directly compared exercise to antidepressant meds
156 older adults with moderate depression
16 week intervention
exercise and depression study continued
- walk-run program
- antidepressant and meds
- exercise and meds
exercise and depression study results
overall depressive symptoms reduced similar amount
meds help reduce symptoms more rapidly - especially in those with higher level depression
BUT exercise only group has a significantly lower rate of relapse
follow up study depression
202 sedentary adults 16 week intervention 1. meds 2. placebo 3. home-based exercise group 4. supervised exercise results: remission rate
how much PA for depression
not enough evidence for guidelines
not tied to aerobic fitness
anxiety
anxiety disorders are very common often accompanies other challenges may be specific or general 1. post-tramatic stress 2. phobias 3. OCD 4. major anxiety disorder
exercise and anxiety disorder
smaller amount of research
available evidence suggests:
exercise better than control
physiological change
dosage for anxiety
exercise intensity potentially important
panic attack
not supported by evidence
can safely complete high intensity exercise
participants with anxiety disorder
8 weeks
walk-run
mild-stretching
intensity do not matter
schizophernia
exercise can help with comorbidities
- anxiety
- depression
- obesity
decrease in anxiety and depression
16 week of treadmill walking
very limited research to date
unclear how much can generalize
how? anxiety
proposed mechanisms
- physiological
- psychosocial endorphins
physiological anxiety
endorphins = natural opiates
positive emotions -no
reward mechanisms
endorphins levels are not correlated with what
mood improvements
if you block endorphins = mixed support
I-> natural opiates
monomine hypothesis
norepinehrine and dopemine.. seratonin
endrophins may play role but
cannot be the only mechanism that improves mental health
exercise -> increased production, more sensitive receptors
theromegenic hypothesis
logic that increased temp leads to neurological changes related to mood
social and cognitive factors
social interaction social support self-mastery achievement self-efficacy first three: phychosocial
