chapter 17-19 Flashcards
which group represents the organs (not accessory organs) of the digestive system?
pharynx, esophagus, stomach and large intestines.
what is the name of the section of the small intestines where most chemical digestion and absorption occurs?
jejunum.
along with the villi, what other modifications of the small intestines increase the surface area?
plicae circulares, and the microvilli and hair.
the function of the large intestine is?
absorption of electrolytes and the absorption of water, formation of feces.
the functions of the digestive system are?
mechanical and chemical digestion.
which section of the alimentary canal connects the pharynx to the stomach?
esophagus.
neural control of the digestive system is controlled m ost of the time by the?
parasympathetic nervous system.
the large intestine consists of?
colon, rectum, and cecum.
what are the hormones that help control the secretion of the digestive system?
gastrin, cholecystokinin and secretin.
which structure in the stomach allows for expansions of the stomach?
rugae.
vitamins are?
organic compounds.
which are an essential amino acids?
histidine and valine.
what happens to excess glucose in a healthy individual?
stored as adipose tissue and stored as glycogen.
which is the definition of malnutrition?
an inability to use essential nutrients and poor nutrition that results from a lack of essential nutrients.
edema can be a results from inadequate proteins consumption?
true.
the respiratory membrane is composed of?
squamous epitheial cells from alveolar walls and pulmonary capillary walls with fused basement membrane in between.
what are the major functions of the respiratory system?
filter, moisten and warm incoming air.
transport air into the body, into the lungs, and to the many microscopic air sacs.
exchange the gases, oxygen and carbon dioxide.
the two chemicals that affect breathing control the most are?
C02 and hydrogen ions (H+).
which three parameters combine to make vital capacity?
tidal volume, expiratory reserve volume and inspiratory reserve volume.
what is the name of the microscopic air sacs in the lungs.
alveoli.
which process are involved with respiration?
internal respirations, external respiration and cellular respiration.
which of the following are the primary respiratory muscles?
diaphragm and external intercostal.
which are functions of the upper respiratory tract?
warm incoming air, filters incoming air and moisten incoming air.
the propulsion motion of the alimentary canal is called?
peristalsis.
the band of circular smooth muscle that is located between the esophagus and the stomach is called the?
cardiac sphincter.
an incomplete protein has.
an inadequate amount of essential amino acids.
which hormones enhance appetite?
ghrelin.
what is the cause of secondary malnutrition?
some characteristics the person’s body renders adequate diet not adequate.
the upper respiratory tract include?
nose, nasal cavity and pharynx.
C02 is carried primary in blood plasma as?
bicarbonate ions.
surfactant reduces _____ allowing expansion of the lungs.
surface tension.
the amount of air that moves into or out of the lungs during regular breathing is?
tidal volume.
