CHAPTER 17 Flashcards
The actions of a large group of people who are responding in a similar way to an event or situation
Collective Behavior
A relatively large aggregation or group of individuals who display similarities in actions and outlook
Collective
Actions taken in common by group members (clustering, queueing, surging, marching, jogging, running)
Movement
Stance assumed by members in the space (sitting, standing, jumping, bowing, kneeling)
Positioning
Alternation of objects in the setting (throwing or moving objects)
Manipulation
Gesturing such as saluting and signaling (raise middle finger, power fist, L sign with fingers)
Gesticulation
Communication through language forms (chanting, singing, praying, reciting, pledging)
Verbalization
Communicating with paralinguistic sounds (ooh-ing, ahh-ing, cheering, booing, whistling, laughing)
Vocalization
Moving in particular formation w/in the space (clustering, arcing, ringing, gazing, facing, vigiling)
Orientation
the spread of behaviors, attitudes, and affect through crowds and other types of social aggregations from one member to another
Congtagion
Assumes that individuals with similar needs, values, or goals tend to converge to form a single group
Convergence Theory
3 Important Predictors of Engagement
Sense of Injustice
Efficacy
Social Identity
Relative deprivation occurs when individuals feel that their personal or their group’s attainments are below their expectation
Sense of Injustice
Believe that their personal involvement can make a difference
Efficacy
Fraternal deprivation (group-level) and egoistic deprivation (individual-level)
Social Identity
A collective can be so powerful that it can transform nearly anyone, no matter what their personal characteristics and suggests that people can become so deeply submerged in the group that they no longer stand out as individuals and creates a “reduction of inner restraints”.
Philip Zimbardo’s Theory of Deindividuation
an experiential state caused by a number of input factors, such as group membership and anonymity, that is characterized by the loss of self-awareness, altered experiencing, and atypical behavior
Deindividuation
An explanation of collective behavior suggesting that the uniformity in behavior often observed in collectives is caused by members’ conformity to unique normative standards that develop spontaneously in those groups.
Emergent Norm Theory
A gathering of people in a public location whose members torment, tease, or goad others
Baiting Crowd
suggests that collective do not experience loss of identity rather another aspect of their identity (collective, social identity) is augmented in collective.
Social Identity Theory
provide members an enlarged view of the self, based not just on individual qualities but also on collectivistic qualities and do not lead to deindividuation but to a depersonalized sense of self
Collectives
People can enjoy psychological well-being only when they are able to establish and maintain their own unique identities
Individuation
There is a common assumption that crowds are unique social aggregations
The Myth of Madding Crowd
assume that atypical groups are staffed by atypical people
Convergence Theories
often misunderstood and mismanaged, but the field of group dynamics offers a means of dispelling this ignorance
Collectives
