Chapter 16: Injuries to the Lower Leg, Foot, and Ankle

Question 1

Talocrural Joint

Answer 1

Articulation formed by the distal tibia and fibula with the superior surface (dome) of the talus

Question 2

Plantar Flexion

Answer 2

Moving the top of the foot away from the shin as in pointing the foot and ankle in dance

Question 3

Dorsiflexion

Answer 3

Bending the foot toward the dorsum, or shin; the opposite of plantar flexion

Question 4

Subtalar Joint

Answer 4

Articulation formed by the inferior surface of the talus and the superior surface of the calcaneus

Question 5

Inversion

Answer 5

Movement that entails turning the sole of the foot inward; Inner border of the foot lifts

Question 6

Eversion

Answer 6

Movement that entails turning the sole of the foot outward

Question 7

Microtrauma

Answer 7

Injury from overuse or repetitive stress

Question 8

Avulsions

Answer 8

Forcible tearing away or separation

Question 9

Ankle Sprain

Answer 9

Injury to any ligaments of the ankle

Question 10

Tibiofibular Syndesmosis Sprain

Answer 10

Injured to the distal tibiofibular ligament also known as a high ankle sprain

Question 11

Achilles tendonitis

Answer 11

Inflammation of the Achilles tendon

Question 12

Achilles Tendon Rupture

Answer 12

Complete tear of the achilles tendon

Question 13

Compartment syndrome

Answer 13

Inflammation of one of the lower leg compartments leading to increased pressure within the compartment and diminished sensation, blood flow, and function of the foot/ankle

Question 14

Shin splints

Answer 14

Exercise induced tibia pain also known as medial tibial stress syndrome, tibial stress injury, or chronic exertional compartment syndrome

Question 15

Plantar fasciitis

Answer 15

Inflammation of the plantar tissues of the foot

Question 16

Heel spur

Answer 16

bony formation on calcaneus as a result of plantar fasciitis

Question 17

Morton’s foot

Answer 17

Shortened first metatarsal or elongated second metatarsal bone that causes most of the weight bearing to be on the second metatarsal

Question 18

Morton’s neuroma

Answer 18

Abnormal growth on the nerves between the metatarsal heads

Question 19

Pes Planus

Answer 19

abnormally flat foot or loss of the longitudinal arch which may lead to compensation patterns

Question 20

Pes Cavus

Answer 20

abnormally high longitudinal arch which may lead to compensation patterns

Question 21

Bunion

Answer 21

inflammation and joint deformity of the first metatarsal phalangeal joint usually accompanied by pain and dysfunction

Question 22

Subungual Hematoma

Answer 22

Blood formation under a nail

Question 23

Turf Toe

Answer 23

Hyperextension of the first metatarsal phalangeal joint causing a sprain to the ligaments and inflammation