Chapter 16 - Health and Medicine

Question 1

Health

Answer 1

State of mental, physical, and social well being

Question 2

Medicine

Answer 2

institutionalized system for the scientific diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of illness

Question 3

Preventative medicine

Answer 3

Medicine emphasizing a healthy lifestyle that will prevent poor health before it occurs

Question 4

Sick role

Answer 4

The cultural definition of the appropriate behavior of and response to people labeled as sick.
Rights:
- excused from social roles
- not responsible for the illness
Obligations:
- seek medical treatment
- to try to get well
(Mostly applies to acute illness)

Question 5

Medicalization of deviance

Answer 5

deviance is a manifestation of illness

• foreskin leads to more masturbation
• ADHD and low T treatment

Question 6

Health Care

Answer 6

All those activities intended to sustain, promote, and enhance health

Question 7

Social Inequalities in Health

Answer 7

• Poor people suffer more chronic illness and die earlier
• Poverty affects food security, housing stability, and maltreatment. Malnutrition, stunted growth, and suppressed immunity
• Exposed to violence more
• Work is more dangerous
• Live in air polluted places
• Less healthy diets
• Less likely to believe they need to see a doctor
• Lower class women more likely to die due to cancer (no preventative treatment)

Question 8

Life Expectancy

Answer 8

• race and class so securely interconnect, racial minorities suffer from poorer health than white people
• Overall: 78.7
• White women: 81.3
• Black women: 78.2
• White men: 76.6
• Black men 72.1

Question 9

Fundamental Cause Theory

Answer 9

Explains why SES and health correlate

1. Influences multiple disease outcomes
2. Multiple risk factors
3. Access to resources
4. Reproduced over time (cyclic)

• Resources: knowledge, money, power, social connections

Question 10

Health Gradient

Answer 10

As income increases so do health outcomes

Question 11

Access to Healthcare

Answer 11

• Poor are unable to access regular care and treatment
• Workplace coverage
• Medicare: over 65
• Medicaid: for the very poor, excludes a lot of people due to financial qualifications (too little to afford, but too much to qualify - service industry)

Question 12

Morbidity

Answer 12

The rate of illness

Question 13

Mortality

Answer 13

The rate of death

Question 14

Obesity

Answer 14

• BMI >= 30
• 2nd to smoking as most common cause of mortality
• Eat out more, especially fast food