Chapter 16- Approaches to Treatment & Therapy Flashcards
Drugs used primarily in the treatment of schizophrenia & other psychotic disorders often used off label & inappropriately for other disorders such as dementia & impulsive aggressiveness.
Anti-psychotic drugs (neuroleptics)
Drugs used primarily in treatment of mood disorders, especially depression and anxiety. (E.g. MAOIs, trycyclic, SSRIs)
Anti-depressant drugs
tranquilizers
drugs commonly but often inappropriately prescribed for patients who complain of unhappiness, anxiety or worry. (E.g. Valium, Xanax, Beta blockers)
Lithium carbonate (salt)
Drug frequently given to people with bipolar disorder
Placebo effect
Apparent success of a medication or treatment due to the patients expectations or hopes rather than to the drug or treatment itself.
Therapeutic window
Amount of a drug that is enough but not too much, taking into account the fact that the same dose may be metabolized differently in males vs. females, old vs. young, or different ethnic groups.
Psychosurgery
Medical procedure that destroys selected areas of the brain believed to be involved in emotional disorders or violent, impulsive behaviour
Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)
A procedure used in cases of prolonged & severe major depression, in which a brief brain seizure is induced.
A theory of personality & a method of psychotherapy, originally formulated by Sigmund Freud that emphasizes unconscious motives and conflicts.
Psychoanalysis
A critical process in psychodynamic therapies, client transfers unconscious emotions or reactions, such as emotional feelings about his/her parents, onto the therapist.
Transference
Behaviour therapy
Applies principles of classical and operant conditioning to help people change self-defeating or problematic behaviours.
Graduated exposure
behaviour therapy, a person suffering from a phobia or panic attacks is gradually taken into the feared situation or exposed to a traumatic memory until the anxiety subsides
Flooding
behaviour therapy, a form of exposure treatment in which the client is taken directly into the feared situation and remains there until his or her panic subsides
Systematic desensitization
Behaviour therapy, a step-by-step process of desensitizing a client to a feared object or experience; it is based on the classical conditioning procedure of counter conditioning
Behavioural self-monitoring
behaviour therapy, a method of keeping careful data on the frequency and consequences of the behaviour to be changed
Skills training
behaviour therapy, an effort to teach the client skills that he/she may lack, as well as new constructive behaviours to replace self-defeating ones
cognitive therapy
a form of therapy designed to identify and change irrational, unproductive ways of thinking and hence, to reduce negative emotions
Rational emotive behaviour therapy (REBT)
a form of cognitive therapy devised by Albert Ellis, designed to challenge the client’s unrealistic thoughts
Humanist therapy
psychotherapy, based on philosophy of humanism, which emphasizes the clients free will to change rather than past conflicts.
Client-centered (nondirective) therapy
a humanist approach, Carl Rogers, emphasizes the therapist’s empathy with the client and use of conditional positive regard
existential therapy
designed to help the clients explore the meaning of existence and face the great questions of life, such as death, freedom, alienation, loneliness.
Family-systems perspective
approach to doing therapy with individuals or families by identifying how each family member forms a part of a larger interacting system
Therapeutic alliance
bond of confidence and mutual understanding established between therapist and client, allows them to work together to solve the client’s problems.
Randomized controlled trials
Research designed to determine the effectiveness of a new medication or form of therapy, in which people with a given problem or disorder are randomly assigned to one or more treatment groups or to a control group.
