Chapter 12- Motivation Flashcards
motivation
inferred process within a person or animal that causes movement either toward a goal or away from an unpleasant situation
intrinsic motivation
pursuit of an activity for its own sake
extrinsic motivation
pursuit of an activity for external rewards
set point
genetically influence weight range for an individual; maintained by biological mechanisms that regulate food intake, fat reserves, metabolism
bulimia
an eating disorder characterized by episodes of excessive eating (binging) followed by forced vomiting or use of laxatives (purging)
anorexia
an eating disorder characterized by fear of being fat, a distorted body image, radically reduced consumption of food, and emaciation
endorphins
chemical substances in the NS that are similar in structure and action to opiates; they are involved in pain reduction, pleasure, memory and are known technically as endogenous opioid peptides
proximity effect
people who are nearest to you geographically are most likely to be dearest to you
similarity effect
similarity is attractive to human beings, tend to choose friends and lovers who are most like us
attachment theory of love
peoples attachment styles as adults derive in large part from how their parents cared for them
sexual script
set of implicit rules that specify proper sexual behaviour for a person in a given situation, varying the person’s gender, age, religion, social status, peer group.
thematic apperception test (TAT)
projective test that asks respondants to interpret a series of drawings showing scenes of people; usually scored for unconscious motives, such as need for achievement, power, affiliation
approach goals
framed in terms of desired outcomes or experiences
avoidance goals
goals framed in terms of avoiding unpleasant experiences
