Chapter 15- Psychological Disorders Flashcards
Mental disorder
Any behaviour or emotional state that causes an individual great suffering, is self-destructive, seriously impairs the person’s ability to work or get along w others, or endangers others or the community.
Culture-bound syndromes
Disorders that are specific to particular cultural contexts
Generalized anxiety disorder
A continuous state of anxiety marked by feelings of worry/dread, apprehension, difficulties in change, signs of motor tension
An anxiety disorder in which a person who has experiences a traumatic or life threatening event has symptoms such as psychic numbing, reliving of the trauma, increased psychological trauma for more than one month
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
Panic disorder
Anxiety disorder in which a person experiences recurring panic attacks, periods of intense fear, feelings of impending doom or death, accompanied by physiological symptoms (e.g. rapid HR, dizziness)
Phobia
an exaggerated, unrealistic fear of a specific situation, activity or object.
Agoraphobia
a set of phobias, often set off by a panic attack, involving basic fear of being away from a safe place or person. (Trapped in crowds w no escape)
Acrophobia
afraid of heights
Euphobia
Fear of hearing good news
Dendrophobia
Fear of trees
Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD)
anxiety disorder where person feels trapped in repetitive, persistent thoughts (obsessions) and repetitive, ritualized behaviours (compulsions) designed to reduce anxiety.
A mood disorder involving disturbances in emotion (excessive sadness), behaviours (loss of interest in one’s usual activities), cognition (thoughts of hopelessness), body function (fatigue and loss of appetite).
Major depression
bipolar disorder
a mood disorder in which episodes of both depression and mania (excessive euphoria) occur
Vulnerability-stress models
Approaches that emphasize how individual vulnerabilities interact w external stresses or circumstances to produce mental disorders
Paranoid personality disorder
a disorder characterized by unreasonable, excessive suspiciousness and mistrust, and irrational feelings of beings persecuted by others.
Narcissistic personality disorder
characterized by an exaggerated sense of self- importance and self-absorption
Psychopathy
characterized by a lack of remorse, empathy, anxiety, and other social emotions; the use of deceit and manipulations; impulsive thrill seeking.
Borderline personality disorder
characterized by intense but unstable relationships, a fear of abandonment by others, an unrealistic self-image,, emotional volatility
antisocial personality disorder (APD)
personality disorder w lifelong pattern of irresponsible, antisocial behaviour such as lawbreaking, violence and other impulsive, reckless acts
Dissociative identity disorder
a controversial disorder marked by the apparent appearance w/in one person of 2+ distinct personalities, each w it’s own name and traits; formerly known as multiple personality disorder (MPD)
psychotic disorder marked by delusions, hallucinations, disorganized and incoherent speech, inappropriate behaviour, cognitive impairments
Schizophrenia
Psychosis
an extreme mental disturbance involving distorted perceptions and irrational behaviour it may have psychological or organic causes
