Chapter 15- Psychological Disorders

Question 1

Mental disorder

Answer 1

Any behaviour or emotional state that causes an individual great suffering, is self-destructive, seriously impairs the person’s ability to work or get along w others, or endangers others or the community.

Question 2

Culture-bound syndromes

Answer 2

Disorders that are specific to particular cultural contexts

Question 3

Generalized anxiety disorder

Answer 3

A continuous state of anxiety marked by feelings of worry/dread, apprehension, difficulties in change, signs of motor tension

Question 4

An anxiety disorder in which a person who has experiences a traumatic or life threatening event has symptoms such as psychic numbing, reliving of the trauma, increased psychological trauma for more than one month

Answer 4

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)

Question 5

Panic disorder

Answer 5

Anxiety disorder in which a person experiences recurring panic attacks, periods of intense fear, feelings of impending doom or death, accompanied by physiological symptoms (e.g. rapid HR, dizziness)

Question 6

Phobia

Answer 6

an exaggerated, unrealistic fear of a specific situation, activity or object.

Question 7

Agoraphobia

Answer 7

a set of phobias, often set off by a panic attack, involving basic fear of being away from a safe place or person. (Trapped in crowds w no escape)

Question 8

Acrophobia

Answer 8

afraid of heights

Question 9

Euphobia

Answer 9

Fear of hearing good news

Question 10

Dendrophobia

Answer 10

Fear of trees

Question 11

Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD)

Answer 11

anxiety disorder where person feels trapped in repetitive, persistent thoughts (obsessions) and repetitive, ritualized behaviours (compulsions) designed to reduce anxiety.

Question 12

A mood disorder involving disturbances in emotion (excessive sadness), behaviours (loss of interest in one’s usual activities), cognition (thoughts of hopelessness), body function (fatigue and loss of appetite).

Answer 12

Major depression

Question 13

bipolar disorder

Answer 13

a mood disorder in which episodes of both depression and mania (excessive euphoria) occur

Question 14

Vulnerability-stress models

Answer 14

Approaches that emphasize how individual vulnerabilities interact w external stresses or circumstances to produce mental disorders

Question 15

Paranoid personality disorder

Answer 15

a disorder characterized by unreasonable, excessive suspiciousness and mistrust, and irrational feelings of beings persecuted by others.

Question 16

Narcissistic personality disorder

Answer 16

characterized by an exaggerated sense of self- importance and self-absorption

Question 17

Psychopathy

Answer 17

characterized by a lack of remorse, empathy, anxiety, and other social emotions; the use of deceit and manipulations; impulsive thrill seeking.

Question 18

Borderline personality disorder

Answer 18

characterized by intense but unstable relationships, a fear of abandonment by others, an unrealistic self-image,, emotional volatility

Question 19

antisocial personality disorder (APD)

Answer 19

personality disorder w lifelong pattern of irresponsible, antisocial behaviour such as lawbreaking, violence and other impulsive, reckless acts

Question 20

Dissociative identity disorder

Answer 20

a controversial disorder marked by the apparent appearance w/in one person of 2+ distinct personalities, each w it’s own name and traits; formerly known as multiple personality disorder (MPD)

Question 21

psychotic disorder marked by delusions, hallucinations, disorganized and incoherent speech, inappropriate behaviour, cognitive impairments

Answer 21

Schizophrenia

Question 22

Psychosis

Answer 22

an extreme mental disturbance involving distorted perceptions and irrational behaviour it may have psychological or organic causes