Chapter 16 Flashcards
What is blitzkreig?
Hitler’s new tactic to fight, means lightning war
Who declared war on Germany in 1939?
Britain and Germany
Who signed the nonaggression pact?
Hitler and Stalin
What was in the nonaggression pact that was secret?
that Hitler and Stalin were going to split Poland
Where did the French and the British line up in the Phony war?
Maginot Line
Where did the Germans line up in the Phony war?
Siegfried Line
How did the Phony war “break”?
when Hitler launched a surprise attack on Norway and Denmark
What three countries did Hitler take over on his way to attack France?
Netherlands, Belgium, and Luxembourg
Where did Hitler enter to attack France?
the Ardennes forest
Where did Hitler push the British and the French to?
Dunkirk
What happened at Dunkirk?
the British sent a fleet of ships across the English Channel and almost all of the soldiers were rescued from the French coast
How was northern France controlled?
directly
How was southern France controlled?
Germans set up a puppet government
What was the name of the government in southern France?
Vichy Government
Who was the government in southern France ran by?
Petain
What did Charles de Gaulle do?
set up a government-in-exile in London and commanded the Free French Army
Who is Winston Churchill?
British Prime Minister
What was Hitler’s plan during the Battle of Britain?
he wanted the Luftwaffe (German Air Force) to attack the Royal Air Force (British)
What did Hitler not know about the British Royal Air Force?
that they had a radar and an Enigma
What happened at the Battle of Britain?
Hitler decided to start bombing Britain, but the British were not fazed so then Hitler began bombing at night so British laws were passed that said once the sun went down there were to be no lights on because the German pilots flew by the lights on the ground so the German pilots were unable to see
What did Hitler decide to do at the end of the Battle of Britain?
retreat
Who attacked Egypt?
Italians
Why was Egypt attacked?
because of the Suez canal
Who did Hitler send in to help the Italians?
Rommel and his Afrika Korps
While Rommel was helping the Italians, where did Hitler begin to attack?
the Balkans
Why did Hitler want the Balkans?
to build bases to attack the Soviet Union
What is the name of the operation to attack the Soviet Union?
Operation Barbarossa
What did the Soviet Union fight back with against the Germans?
Scorched Earth policy
Who did Hitler surround?
Leningrad
Was Hitler ever able to get Leningrad?
No
What was the result of the attack on the Soviet Union?
nothing was gained but a lot of German lives were lost
Who signed the Atlantic Charter and what was it?
FDR and Churchill; right of free trade and right to choose own government by the people
What happened with the firing of the ships?
a German U-boat fired at a American destroyer and FDR ordered that all German ships seen be fired at on site
What upset the Japanese and made them fire on Pearl Harbor?
we stopped trading with them the stuff that they were using for bad things
What did the U.S. know about Pearl Harbor?
we knew that there was an attack coming when didn’t know when or where
What did Japan want to create in Asia?
Asia or Asiatics
What is Doolittle’s Raid?
Americans flew off from Pearl Harbor and bombed Japan
What was the result of Doolittle’s Raid?
to show that Japan was vulnerable to attack
What was the Battle of the Coral Sea?
the first battle that was fought of the ocean in the air
Why was the Battle of the Coral Sea occur?
because the Americans intercepted a Japanese ship headed for the important Allied air base in Port Moresby
Who won the Battle of the Coral Sea?
Destruction wise-Japan
meeting goals- U.S.
What was the U.S.’s goal at the Battle of the Coral Sea?
to stop southern progression
What is the Battle of Midway?
the Japanese wanted to attack the island of Midway, but Nimitz (American) broke a Japanese code and knew that is where they were going so Nimitz hid the American fleet just beyond the horizion and then when the first plane of the Japanese was sent the Americans attacked
What was the turning point in WWII?
the Battle of Midway
Who is MacArthur?
developed island hopping, believed that the Allied powers should ignore the heavenly defended islands and capture the easy countries and slowly move towards Japan
What is Battle of Guadalcanal?
the Battle where the Allies had to win so that the Japanese would not finish a new base
Who is General Montgomery?
he beat Rommel
What is Operation Torch?
Eisenhower and Montgomery got together and made a Rommel sandwich, Eisenhower from Casablanca and Montgomery from the east
What was going on in Italy in 1943?
Allies landed in Sicily, moved into Rome and the old King had Mussolini arrested
What is the Battle of Stalingrad?
Hitler attacked Stalingrad and lost
What part of Italy did Germany take?
the North where Mussolini was put back in charge
What happened after Mussolini was put back in charge?
Allies took back Rome
How was Mussolini killed?
he was caught trying to sneak out of the country when an Italian soldier noticed him in the back of an army truck and drug him out and shot him and dragged from the back of a vehicle into Milan where he was hung in the streets and pelted with fruit
What was happening here in America?
we were in total war, women, rationing, prejudice and Japanese internment camps
What was Calais?
the fake target of the fake army to distract Germany
What is D-Day?
known as operation Overlord, the Allies invaded the beaches of Normandy
What did Patton do?
he led the United States Third Army that broke the Germans defense where we later marched into Paris, we had also liberated France, Belgium, and Luxembourg
What is the Battle of the Bulge?
Hitler’s last effort to get the war back on his side, he attacked in the Ardennes Forest
Who bombed Berlin?
Soviets
What happened to Hitler in the bunker?
he married Eva Braun and committed suicide
What was the first at the Battle of Leyte Gulf
kamikazes
Where was the first Atomic bomb tested?
New Mexico
What happened in Hiroshima?
the first bomb was dropped
What happened in Nagasaki?
the second bomb was dropped
Who did the Japanese surrender to?
Douglas McCarther
