Chapter 12 Flashcards
What did the Qing dynasty NOT want?
Goods
What is the Opium war?
It was fought between the Chinese and the British, started with British sneaking in Opium and got Chinese addicted, China wrote the British a letter, fought on water (British were best on water) British won the war
What is the Treaty of Nanjing?
Ended the opium war, British got Hong Kong
What were some internal problems in China?
Population was doubling and famine was occuring
What is the Taiping Rebellion?
Hong started the rebellion, lasted for 15-20 years
Who is Hong?
A peasant who built an army up from nothing to lead the Taiping Rebellion
Who was right about saying that the world needed rebellions and wars to kill off people?
Thomas Matheus
What is the Open Door Policy?
It was suggested by America, made everyone able to trade with China and not allowing it to colonize
What were extraterritorial rights?
Chinese law doesn’t apply to foreigners
Who are the Society of Righteous and Harmonious Fists?
Later known as the Boxers, who were mad about extra rights
What is the Boxer rebellion?
Boxers surrounded the Europeans and forced them to leave
Who ended the boxer rebellion?
Multinational European forces
What is the World Tour?
Chinese went around the world observing different countries
How were the Chinese effected by the World Tour?
Went from monarchy to constitutional monarchy after the Japanese
Modeled their new navy after the British
Modeled their new army after the Germans
Who is Perry?
The American who sailed into what is now the Tokyo harbor with big ships and a letter from president Fillmore politely asking to allow free trade between Japan and the U.S., along with delivering the letter Perry threatened the Japanese saying that if they didn’t accept he would come back and beat them up
What is the Treaty of Kanagawa?
It opened two ports
What happend after the Treaty of Kanagawa?
The shogun stepped down
Who is Mutsuhito?
The young Japanese emperor who reformed Japan
What is the Meiji Era? What does it mean?
The reign of Mutshutio, meaning Enlightened
What did the Japanese begin to do after building up their military?
Attacking the Chinese
What happened between the Japanese and the Koreans?
They began trading
What was the result of the Chinese about the Japanese and the Koreans?
They became angry
What is the Hands-Off agreement?
China and Japan agreeing not to send in any type of military into korea
What caused the Sino-Japanese War?
China broke the Hands-Off agreement because the Korean king needed help with the rebellion inside of Korea and the Japanese got mad
What did the peace treaty give Japan after the Sino-Japanese War?
Taiwan and Pescadores Islands
What is the Russo-Japanese War?
Russians and Japanese were at war over Manchuria, Japan offered to let Russians have Manchuria if Russians would stay out of Korea, Russians refused, Japanese launched a surprise attack on the Russians, the Japanese drove Russians out of Korea and captured most of their fleet
What is the Treaty of Portsmouth?
Gave Japan the captured territories, it was signed on the U.S.S. Portsmouth, president Roosevelt help with the negotiation
What happend to Korea after the Treaty of Portsmouth?
Korea became a protectorate, Korean ways ere being thrown out and Japanese ways were being brought in, Koreans were treated horribly
What is peonage?
A labor system, forced, passed down threw kids, a form of slavery, there is no way of getting out
What are caudillos?
Military leaders (dictators)
Who is Gomez?
Didn’t change anything for about 20-30 years in Latin America
Who is Sarmiento?
A reformer who came after Gomez
What is a reformer?
Normally would come in after a caudillos, they normally didn’t last long because they make someone mad in the upper class and they would get assassinated
What did refrigeration provide for Latin America?
A way to transport fruits and vegetables or meats
What did Latin America do with their new inflow of money?
The did not spend it wisely on infrastructure, instead on improving export transportations
What did Latin America do when they ran out of money?
They turned to the U.S. which led to economic imperialism
What is the Monroe Doctrine?
The western hemisphere is blocked off from colonization
What was happend in Cuba?
They were fighting a war of independence with the Spanish but the Cubans gave up and remained a colony to the spanish
What led to the Spanish-American War?
The Americans helping Cuba win their independence form the spanish
Describe the Spanish-American War.
It was fought on two fronts (two different locations), Americans won
What did the Americans do in the Philippines?
Forced war in the country
What happened in Cuba after the Spanish-American War?
They thought Americans would back off, instead Americans put a military dictatorship who is friendly with the Americans in power
Describe what happend that led to the building of the Panama Canal.
Roosevelt offered the Colombians $10 million plus a yearly payment, however the Colombians thought the Americans could make a better deal but Roosevelt HIGHLY disagreed, so the Americans turned to the Panamanians, Americans told them that they would would help the Panamanians to gain their independence, after America succeed Panama gave the U.S. a 10 mile strip of land to build the canal, the building of the canal cost a lot of lifes
What is the Roosevelt Corollary?
An addition the Monroe Doctrine, the U.S. had the right to act as an international police force in the western hemisphere
Who is Santa Anna?
Come back A LOT, elected president of Mexico FOUR different times
Who is Stephen Austin?
Leader of the Texas rebels
Who is Sam Houston?
Texan who captured Santa Anna at the battle of San Jacinto, said that he would only release Santa Anna if Mexico recognized Texas as independent
Who won the Mexican-American war?
Americans
What happened in the treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo?
Mexico was forced to give up a lot of land
Who is Benito Juarez?
The maker of La Reforma
What are the three parts of La Reforma?
- Re-distribution of land
- Separation of church and state
- Education
What happens after Santa Anna come back from exile?
Santa Anna forces Juarez out, then Juarez comes back and Santa Anna is forced out
What Does the upper class do while Juarez is ruling?
They go to France and convince Napoleon III to takeover Mexico
How long did France control Mexico?
5 years
When Juarez came back after the French ruled, what happened to him shortly after?
He died of a heart attack
Who comes into rule after Juarez dies?
Diaz
Whhat happend while Diaz was ruling?
Madero ran for president
Who help to beat Diaz and fight with Madero?
Pancho Villa and Zapata
What happens when Madero becomes president?
The upper class (the political power) doesn’t like him so he resigns
Who steps into power after madero resigns?
Huerta, he is overthrown within 15 months
Who comes in after Huerta?
Carranza
What does Carranza enforce?
A new constitution, but he later is against it
Who comes in after Carranza?
Obregon
Who is Obregon and what happens to him?
He is a reformer who wanted a new constitution, and he was assassinated
What is the PRI?
Institutional Revolutionary Party
What is the Institutional Revolutionary Party?
Takes over after Obregon and brings peace and stability but they didn’t tolerate opposition, controlling till 1990s
