Chapter 16&17

Question 0

What is the name given to the neurons that monitor carbon dioxide levels in the blood and are located in the carotid and aortic arteries?

Answer 0

Chemoreceptors

Question 1

Where is the cardiovascular center located?

Answer 1

Medulla

Question 2

A _____ blood vessels with a ____ diameter would have the greatest resistance to blood flow

Answer 2

Long, short

Question 3

Pulmonary circulation goes from the ____ _____ to the _____ ___

Answer 3

Right ventricle

Left atrium

Question 4

Which blood vessels contain blood with the highest oxygen content?

Answer 4

Pulmonary veins

Question 5

From which major blood vessel do all systemic blood vessels branch?

Answer 5

Aorta

Question 6

Which circulatory route brings blood to the tissues and back to the heart

Answer 6

Systematic

Question 7

Which circulatory path carries blood rich in substances absorbed from the GI tract?

Answer 7

Hepatic portal

Question 8

______ _______ the heart have the lowest blood pressure

Answer 8

Veins

Closest to

Question 9

Vascular resistance is primarily to due which factor?

Answer 9

Friction between blood walls

Question 10

When the left ventricle contracts, what term is given to the pressure in arteries that is generated?

Answer 10

Systolic

Question 11

In fetal circulation, which structure connects the fetal pulmonary trunk to the aorta, allowing much blood to bypass the lungs?

Answer 11

Ductus pretinousus

Question 12

Stimulation of the _____ would cause the heart rate to decrease

Answer 12

Vagus nerve

Question 13

In the fetus, what is the opening that allows blood to pass directly from the right atrium to the left atrium?

Answer 13

Foramen Orale

Question 14

With aging, cardiac muscles fibers ____ in size

Answer 14

Decrease

Question 15

Defenses of the body that are present at birth are referred to as _____ immunity

Answer 15

Innate

Question 16

The fetal circulation differs from the adult circulation because of which organ system that is nonfunctional?

Answer 16

Respiratory

Question 17

As blood passes from the superior and inferior vena cavae to the lungs, it moves through the ____ _____ to the______ ______

Answer 17

Right
Atrium
Right
Pulmonary trunk

Question 18

Carry blood away from heart

Answer 18

Arteries

Question 19

Vessels with high blood pressure

Answer 19

Arteries

Question 20

Vessels with fastest flow

Answer 20

Arteries

Question 21

Vessels that exchange food and waster between blood and tissues

Answer 21

Capillaries

Question 22

Vessels with slowest blood flow

Answer 22

Capillaries

Question 23

Vessels with a thick muscle layer

Answer 23

Arteries

Question 24

Vessels with very thin walls; only have a single layer of cells

Answer 24

Capillaries

Question 25

Vessels with the smallest internal diameter

Answer 25

Capillaries

Question 26

Vessels with a very thin muscle layer

Answer 26

Veins

Question 27

Vessels that exhibit a pulse

Answer 27

Arteries

Question 28

Vessels that bring blood to almost every cell in the body

Answer 28

Capillaries

Question 29

Known as "exchange vessels"

Answer 29

Capillaries

Question 30

What are the cells that migrate to the thymus and when mature are able to attack microbes directly?

Answer 30

T-cells

Question 31

What name is given to blood flow from the heart to the lungs?

Answer 31

Pulmonary

Question 32

Blood pressure is measured by listening for constricted _____ to "pop" open

Answer 32

Artery

Question 33

The backward flow if fluid in veins and lymphatics is presented by _____.

Answer 33

Valves

Question 34

The most important function of the circulatory system is to ____ materials to and from all cells

Answer 34

Transport

Question 35

Which layer of an artery contains thick, smooth muscle?

Answer 35

Middle

Question 36

Venous blood reruns to the heart due to ____ movements and skeletal muscular contractions

Answer 36

Breathing

Question 37

Name several blood vessels commonly used to rise the pulse

Answer 37

``` Radial Dorsal Popliteal Carotid Brachial ```

Question 38

What are the two main methods of capillary exchange?

Answer 38

Flirtation & reabsorption

Question 39

Blood pressure is read with a ______

Answer 39

Sphygmomanometer

Question 40

Blood typically flows from the heart first to ____, then to____, then to_____.

Answer 40

Arteries

Question 41

What is the structure whose main function is exchange of nutrients and gases between the blood and tissue?

Answer 41

Capillaries

Question 42

The force in which blood pushes against arterial walls during ventricular contraction is called _____ blood pressure

Answer 42

Systolic

Question 43

The hollow center of blood vessels through which blood flows

Answer 43

Lumen

Question 44

Lymph is very similar to this body fluid

Answer 44

Interstitial

Question 45

Structurally, lymphatic vessels most resemble these vessels of the body

Answer 45

Veins

Question 46

Which blood pressure would be considered to be normal

Answer 46

108/68

Question 47

Which type of blood vessels is referred to as a blood reservoir?

Answer 47

Veins

Question 48

The pulmonary circulation carries blood from the heart to the lungs and back to this chamber

Answer 48

Left atrium

Question 49

The exchange of materials between fetal and maternal circulation occurs through this structure

Answer 49

Placenta

Question 50

Name some factors that vascular resistance is related to

Answer 50

Blood viscosity, and blood vessels

Question 51

At rest most of the blood in the body is contained in these vessels

Answer 51

Radius veins

Question 52

In an overweight person, the factor most likely to increase systemic vessel resistance

Answer 52

Vessel length

Question 53

A foreign substance that provokes an immune response in the body

Answer 53

Antigen

Question 54

Which receptors are involved in monitoring blood pressure?

Answer 54

Baroreceptors

Question 55

Proteins that are produced by cells which are infected with viruses

Answer 55

Ineferons

Question 56

Baroreceptors to monitor pressure of blood going to the brain are located here

Answer 56

Carotid artery

Question 57

List some functions of the lymphatic system

Answer 57

Drain, immune response, interstitial fluid, transport lipids from GI to blood

Question 58

All lymph in the body is eventually returned ro the blood in this vessel

Answer 58

Subclavian vein

Question 59

Slow resting heart rate

Answer 59

Bradycardia

Question 60

Saclike dilation of the artery wall

Answer 60

Aneurysm

Question 61

Stretching of walls of veins, especially around valves

Answer 61

Varicose veins

Question 62

Inflammation of vein

Answer 62

Phlebitis

Question 63

Low oxygen availability

Answer 63

Hypoxia

Question 64

Persistently high blood pressure

Answer 64

Hypertension

Question 65

Rapid resting heart rate

Answer 65

Tachycardia