Chapter 10 Test Flashcards
A cluster of sensory neuron cell bodies.
Posterior root ganglion
A simple, fast, predictable automatic response to help protect the body.
Reflex arc
Bones of the spine that enclose and protect the spinal cord.
Vertebrae
In a reflex arc, the muscle or gland that responds with an action
Effector
A group of lumbar,sacral, and coccygeal nerves that branch off the lower end of the spinal cord
Cauda Equina
The innermost layer of the meninges that is attached to the brain and spinal cord.
Pia mater
Structure that responds to some environmental change and initiates a sensory impulse
Receptor
opening that runs lengthwise through the spinal cord; CSF circulates through it
Central Canal
Lymphatic fluid-filled space between the arachnoid and dura mater
Subdural Space
Reflex arc structure that transmits the impulse to a muscle or gland
Motor neuron
Matter within the spinal cord shaped like the letter “H”
Gray matter
Fat-filled space between the vertebrae and dura matter
Epidural Space
Reflex arc structure that passes the impulse from the receptor to the CNS
Sensory Neuron
Part of a spinal nerve containing sensory nerve fibers that carry impulses TOWARD the spinal cord
Posterior Root
Part of a spinal never containing motor neurons carrying impulses AWAY from the spinal cord
Anterior Root
Tough outermost layer of the meninges
Dura mater
Space between the arachnoid and pia mater; contains CSF
Subarachnoid Space
Filament that anchors the inferior portion of the spinal cord
Filum Terminale
Region in the CNS. That connects the senroy and motor portions if the reflex arc
Integrating a Center
Cone-shaped tip of the spinal cord
Conus medullaris
Three connective tissue membranes covering the brain and spinal cord
Meninges
Tracts of white matter that run up and down the spinal cord.
Columns
Cobweb-like middle layer of the meninges
Arachnoid
Area in the precental gyrus of the frontal lobe, controls specific muscles or groups of muscles
Primary Motor Area.
Area in the occipital lobe, permits vision
Primary visual area
Area in the temporal lobe, permits hearing
Primary auditory area
Cerebral area that controls smell
Primary olfactory area
Area in the frontal lobe, translates thoughts in speech
Motor speech area (Brocca’s)
Post central gyrus area, receives sensations of pain, touch, pressure and temperature.
Primary somatosensory area.
Cerebral area that integrates general and special sensations of pain, touch pressure and temperature
Common integrative area
The color of cerebrospinal fluid
Colorless & clear
The entire nervous system contains between 1/3-2/3 cup of CSF or about ___mL
80-150 mL
List the functions of cerebrospinal fluid:
- Serves as a shock observer
- Contains white blood cells
- Contains nurients
Cranial nerve X: main nerve of parasympathetic nervous system; senses and controls internal organs
Vagus
Cranial nerve I: sense of smell
Olfactory
Cranial Nerve XII: proprioception and tongue movement
Hypoglosal
Cranial nerve IX: swallowing; taste; scenario from tongue
Glossopharyngeal
Cranial nerve V: chewing, facial sensation
Trigeminal
Cranial nerve VI: proprioception and eyeball movement
Abducens
Cranial nerve VII: taste and facial expressions
Facial
Cranial nerve III: control if eye’s lens and pupil
Oculomotor
Cranial Nerve VIII: hearing and equilibrium
Acoustic (vestibulochlear)
Cranial nerve IV: proprioception and eyeball movement
Trochlear
Cranial nerve II: vision
Optic
Cranial nerve XI: swallowing, head and shoulder movement
Accessory
Relative to the human brain the sheep brains is_____ overall, it’s olfactory bulbs are ____ and it’s cerebrum is ____
Smaller
Larger
Smaller
CSF is formed by _____ and secretion from blood in capillaries called_____; cells that form it are known as _______
Filtration
Choroidplexuses
Ependymal cells
Type of impulses relayed and interpreted by the thalamus
Sensory
List the functions of the limbic system
- Basic emotions
- Involuntary aspects of social behavior
- Works with cerebrum in memory
Condition that results from an excessive accumulation of CSF within the ventricles
Hydrocephalus
Type of reflexes that the corpora quadrigemina is concerned
Visual & auditory
At rest, the brain consumes about ____ percent of the body’s total oxygen
20
The structure that acts as a bridge connecting the spinal cord and medulla to upper portions of the brain
Pons
The medulla serves as a conduction pathway for all ascending and descending tracts. What type of impulses are transmitted by its white matter?
Motor & sensory
Brain center that regulates the heart and diameter of blood vessels
Cardiovascular
Movements of your left hand are initiated by motor neurons that originate in the ___ right side of the cerebrum
Right
Brain cavities where cerebrospinal fluid circulates
Ventricles
Band of white matter that connects the two halves of the cerebrum
Corpus callosum
The part of your brain stimulated by your ringing alarm clock
Reticular activating system
The outer layer of the cerebrum
Cortex
Part of the brain that coordinates walking, balance, and the ability to speak understandably
Cerebellum
The outer layer of the cerebrum is composed of
Gray matter
Ridges that make up the surface of the cerebrum
Gyri (convolutions)
Name functions of hypothalamus
- body temp
- regulates food/fluid system
- emotional/behavioral patters
- daily sleep pattern
- olfactory relay
- control of pituitary
