Chapter 16

Question 1

What does Erogenic mean?

Answer 1

A drug that produces energy.

Question 2

What are the ergogenic substances people use for performance enhancing?

Answer 2

• Amphetamine
• Caffeine
• Cocaine
• Strychnine (a CNS stimulant at a low doses)

Question 3

What does Amphetamine history in sports look like?

Answer 3

• use on horses (where it started)
• use on people
• use during training not games
• tour de france rider died on tv from overdose.

Question 4

What started testing and bans on use?

Answer 4

When a tour de France rider dies on TV from an overdose on Amphetamine.

Question 5

What are the problems with testing in sports?

Answer 5

• can not test all athletes for all drugs.
• what about marijuana legal states.

Question 6

What does prevalence look like in athletes?

Answer 6

3.5% of high school seniors
Very low amount of athletes actually using, it is seen that athletes using steroids most often are using a little of everything (they just take drugs in general).

Question 7

Testosterone in steroids has what two effects?

Answer 7

• Androgenic
• Anabolic

Question 8

what is the testosterone effect in steroids: Androgenic?

Answer 8

Secondary sexual characteristics.

Question 9

what is the testosterone effect in steroids:
Anabolic

Answer 9

• Builds tissues
• Increases protein synthesis so :
• increase bone density
• increase muscle
• different body fat deposition.

Question 10

what percent of seniors in high school are using steroids?

Answer 10

3.5%

Question 11

why does Dr.Havens think that steroids use has gone down?

Answer 11

because of how we ask about them.

Question 12

what are the steps of steroid mechanism of action?

Answer 12

1) Steroids are very lipid soluble and enters the brain.
2) Steroid goes to the cytolasmic receptors.
3) Translocate to the nucleus.
4) Then alters DNA transcription.
5) Then protein synthesis occurs (new protein created) MUSCLES :)

Question 13

what are the adverse effects of testosterone?

Answer 13

• Cardiovascular function decreases
• testicular atrophy (lil penis)
• Sterility (cant have kiddos)
• Liver damage
• Gynecomastia (men get breasts)
• Bone growth decreases (especially in users less than 20 years old).
• Amenorrhea (no period).

Question 14

1976 German gymnastics story

Answer 14

• they looked premenstrual
• They were given antiestrogens (keep puberty at bay).

Question 15

Do steroids actually work?

Answer 15

Adding steroids are probably just having bad effects on the liver and the heart.

Question 16

Vasodilators and growth hormones?

Answer 16

similar issues to steroids

Question 17

Cognitive enhancers are what kind of agonists?

Answer 17

Acetylcholine and norepinephrine

Question 18

what are three drugs that are cognitive enhancers?

Answer 18

• Ritalin
• Provigil
• Exelon

Question 19

what was the study of Alzheimer’s patients

Answer 19

the control group being high school seniors found them to get higher SAT scores.

Question 20

International Olympic Committee?

Answer 20

They have to be very specific because of the different countries laws and cultures.