Chapter 15: Treatment Flashcards
Describe reasons people with mental disorders may fail to get treatment
Stigma: people think disorders are self inflicted, personal weakness, sinful behavior
Cost of care
Scared to Seek Help
Biomedical Treatment
- psychosurgery
- electroconvulsive therapy (induce seizure, for depression)
- drug therapies (normally just alleviate symptoms)
Psychodynamic Therapy
Goal: Insight and catharsis (emotional relief)
therapist is not very interactive, just listening
FREE ASSOCIATION: talk about anything that comes to mind, they will stumble upon what is making them distressed
RESISTANCE: change subject when close to core issue
TRANSFERENCE: feelings towards therapist, misdirected feelings towards someone else
Interpersonal Psychotherapy
help clients improve current relationships, idea that if relationships improve, so will mental health
Humanistic Therapies
Rogers
GOAL: facilitate self actualization
person-centered therapy
therapist should be more active, show empathy
unconditional positive regard (therapist tells them they are good and deserving
congruence
Behavior Therapy
GOOD FOR ANXIETY
-based on learning theory
- CLASSICAL
- counterconditioning (condition opposing response to stimulus causing distress)
-construct a hierarchy of fear
-Aversion Therapy (cause negative response to something we should not have a positive response to) - OPERANT
- token economy
-punishment
-flooding
-social/observational learning
Cognitive Therapy
GOOD FOR DEPRESSION
change thought = change behavior
present them with evidence on why they are wrong
Explain how antipsychotic medications affect the brain
Work on DA system to block dopamine
ISSUES: can develop Parkinson’s symptoms, tardive dyskinesia (movement disorders)
work well for positive symptoms
new drugs that block in some areas and increase in others for both types of symptoms
Identify the risks of antianxiety medications
Benzodiazepines, facilitating GABA (tranquilizer)
inhibits certain neurons in brain
highly addictive
Explain how modern antidepressants affect the brain
MAO Inhibitors: stop enzymes that break down neurotransmitter in synapse
Tricyclic’s: block reuptake of NE
SSRIS: block reuptake of serotonin
SNRI: block reuptake of serotonin and NE
Use Lithium for bipolar
Debate pros and cons of combining psychological therapy with drug therapy.
no difference between them, psychotherapy less likely to relapse because give new skills for thinking about self and world
Psychosurgery
pre frontal lobotomy (schizophrenia)
shock therapy (seizure - depression)
rTMA (increase activity in left frontal lobe)
Describe treatment illusions
- Natural Improvement: tendency for symptoms to return to average level, we normally seek help at lowest points
- Placebo Effect: sugar pill instead of Advil but pain gets better
- Reconstructive Memory: we forget how bad symptoms actually were (make them worse in our minds)
Double Blind Study
no one knows
Aaron Beck
persons susceptible to depression develop inaccurate/unhelpful core beliefs about themselves, others, and the world as a result of their learning histories.
