Chapter 1

Question 1

Dualism

Answer 1

view that the mind and body are different things
“non physical soul”

Question 2

Materialism

Answer 2

view that all mental phenomena are reducible to physical phenomena
all thoughts/feelings are response to activity in brain (mind is what the brain does

Question 3

Realism

Answer 3

perceptions of physical world are produced entirely by information form sensory organs

Question 4

Idealism

Answer 4

perceptions of physical world are brain’s INTERPRETATION of information from sensory organs
(uses everything else we know plus info from organs to create perception)

Question 5

Empiricism

Answer 5

all knowledge is acquired through experience
(blank slate)

Question 6

Nativism

Answer 6

some knowledge id innate rather than acquired
(space, time, causality, number)

Question 7

Structuralism

Answer 7

approach to psych that attempted to isolate and analyze the mind’s basic elements
(break mind down like periodic table)

Question 8

Introspection

Answer 8

Analysis of subjective experienced by trained observers
(structuralists used this and believed that reports from trained observers after being exposed to stimuli could revile building blocks of the mind)

Question 9

Functionalism

Answer 9

approach to psych that emphasized the adaptive significance of mental process
how is the mind changed by experiences (can’t step in the same river twice” aka mind is always changing)

Question 10

Evolutionary Psychology

Answer 10

The mind can undergo natural selection just like other physical traits

Question 11

Psychoanalytic Theory

Answer 11

emphasizes the influence of the unconscious on feelings and thoughts and behaviors

Question 12

Psychoanalysis

Answer 12

Therapy that aims to five people insight into the contents of their unconscious
(can learn about the mind from dreams)

Question 13

Behavioralism

Answer 13

idea that psychology should be the study of stimulus and response
(the only thing that should matter is observable behavior)

WATSON CAME UP WITH THIS IDEA

Question 14

Principal of Reinforcement

Answer 14

Skinner

any behavior that is rewarded will be repeated and any behavior that isn’t won’t
(rats learn to find food in cage and kept repeating that behavior)

Question 15

Gestalt Psychology

Answer 15

approach to psychology that emphasized in way the mind creates perceptual experience
(why we see things that are not there or remember things that didn’t happen)

memory is not a simple recording device; rather, our minds use their theories of how the world usually works to construct our memories of past experience

Question 16

Developmental Psychology

Answer 16

study of ways in which psychological phenomena change over life span
(children see the world differently because they don’t know the same theories yet)

Question 17

Social Psychology

Answer 17

Behavior is not a function of the environment, but of the person’s subjective construal of the environment. Responses do not depend on stimuli, as the behaviorists claimed; rather, they depend on how people think about those stimuli.

How do people think about/create beliefs, stereotypes, identities etc..

Question 18

Cognitive Psychology

Answer 18

the study of human information processing

how does the brain take in information and what does it do with that information

Question 19

Cognitive Neuroscience

Answer 19

relationship between brain and mind

Question 20

Behavioral Neuroscience

Answer 20

relationship between the brain and behavior

Question 21

Cultural Psychology

Answer 21

how culture influences mental life

Question 22

Wihlem Wundt

Answer 22

Father of Psychology
Structuralism

Question 23

William James

Answer 23

First American Psychologist
Functionalism

Question 24

Sigmund Freud

Answer 24

Psychoanalysis (the Mind does not know itself)

Question 25

Palov

Answer 25

Trained dogs to salivate to a bell

Question 26

John Broadus Watson

Answer 26

Behavioralism

Question 27

B.F Skinner

Answer 27

Principle of Reinforcement

Question 28

Kurt Lewin

Answer 28

Social Psychology

Question 29

Max Wertheimer

Answer 29

Gestalt Psychology

Question 30

Frederic Bartlett

Answer 30

Bartlett argued that memory is not a simple recording device; rather, our minds use their theories of how the world usually works to construct our memories of past experience

Question 31

Jean Piaget

Answer 31

Developmental Psychology

Question 32

John Garcia

Answer 32

Evolutionary Psychology

Question 33

psychodynamic

Answer 33

relationship between conscious and unconscious motivation

Question 34

psychoanalytic

Answer 34

based on freud’s psychoanalytic theories