Chapter 15-Trauma

Question 1

relief of pain

Answer 1

Analgesic

Question 2

a drug or treatment that reduces or relieves fever

Answer 2

Antipyretic

Question 3

a substance that inhibits the growth of microorganisms

Answer 3

Antiseptic

Question 4

the prevention of disease

Answer 4

Prophylaxis

Question 5

inflammation of a tendon

Answer 5

Tendinitis

Question 6

carrier of infectious agent of disease from one person to another (usually insects)

Answer 6

Vector

Question 7

a sensation or phenomenon that signals the onset of

an epileptic seizure or a migraine

Answer 7

Aura

Question 8

overly dramatic & the theatrical mannerism; have a conscious & unconscious pervasive need to be the center of attention

Answer 8

Histrionic

Question 9

any of several disorders that frequently interfere w. sleep, occurring specially among children & including sleepwalking, nigh terrors, & bed-wetting

Answer 9

Parasomnias

Question 10

process of wearing down or rubbing away by means of

friction

Answer 10

Abrasion

Question 11

separation of a body art by tearing

Answer 11

Avulsion

Question 12

instrument or chemical that destroys tissue, as a therapeutic
measure

Answer 12

instrument or chemical that destroys tissue, as a therapeutic
measure

Question 13

remove foreign material or dead tissue in a wound

Answer 13

Debride

Question 14

the science concerned w. people & their work; it explores
mechanical principles enhancing efficiency & well-being in the work environment

Answer 14

Ergonomic

Question 15

abduction beyond normal limits by to draw away
from midline of the boy or from an adjacent part
or limb

Answer 15

Hyperabduction

Question 16

unusually high body temperature

Answer 16

Hyperthermia

Question 17

a jagged wound or cut

Answer 17

Laceration

Question 18

results when a pointed or sharp foreign object penetrates the soft tissue
tetanus required, needle sticks

Answer 18

puncture wound

Question 19

results when a sharp object cuts the skin & possibly underlying soft tissue

Answer 19

laceration

Question 20

3 types of burns based on depth
percentage determined by Rule of Nines
first-degree = superficial = redness
second-degree = partial-thickness = blisters
third-degree = full-thickness = into adipose, fascia, muscle
tx–cool water, do not use ice

Answer 20

burns

Question 21

heat stroke  (over 105 degrees)
heat exhaustion (normal or subnormal)

Answer 21

Hyperthermia

Question 22

eneralized severe 
cooling (below 95)
sx–shivering, fatigue, 
disorientation
etio –wind, cold, cold 
water

Answer 22

Hypothermia

Question 23

ace, fingers, toes, ears
skin becomes white
little pain
etio–cold air, water, objects
ice crystals form in between 
cells of skin

Answer 23

Frostbite

Question 24

may be local or systemic, if systemic, then itching (hands, soles), if allergic, then edema, dyspnea, shock,
unconsciousness

Answer 24

Insect Bites

Question 25

= tick-borne disease, systemic infection
etio–wood tick, feces of infected ticks
sx–fever, malaise, rash, vasculitis
dx–difficult to make, blood test shows + complement fixation reaction

Answer 25

Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever

Question 26

acute or chronic
sx–cycle of chills, fever, sweats
signs–enlarged spleen, enlarged liver, anemia; often recurs
etio–protozoan, transmitted by mosquito bite, blood
transfusion, IV

Answer 26

Malaria

Question 27

sx–bite, teeth marks, bruising, puncture
etio–domestic animals, wild animals, human
dx–hx and exam

Answer 27

Animal Bites

Question 28

sx–bite, burning pain, swelling
coral snakes leave chew-type small teeth marks poisoning takes 1 to 2 days to develop
dx–hx and exam
tx–clean with soap and water; remove rings; immobilize, below heart

Answer 28

Snake Bites

Question 29

=repetitive motion trauma = overuse syndrome
includes:
carpal tunnel syndrome
tennis elbow
trigger finger
thoracic outlet syndrome
tendinitis

Answer 29

Cumulative Trauma

Question 30

tendonsin the tunnel become inflamed from repetitive overuseseen in certain occupations
dx–Tinel sign and Phalen test
tx–physical therapy, cessation of repetitive motion, anti-inflammatories, surgery as indicated

Answer 30

Carpal tunnel syndrome

Question 31

pain in outer aspect of elbow with weakness, also known as lateral humeral epicondylitis

Answer 31

tennis elbow

Question 32

knot on flexor tendon of index finger

Answer 32

trigger finger

Question 33

compression of brachial plexus nerves

Answer 33

thoracic outlet syndrome

Question 34

along route of any tendon

Answer 34

tendinitis

Question 35

bruises with telltale appearances (finger marks, imprints, burns)
sx–include withdrawal, avoiding eye contact, protects abuser (prevention is best)

Answer 35

child abuse

Question 36

bruising, fx, malnutrition, difficult to dx, complex situation

Answer 36

elder abuse

Question 37

usually children are the victims who often turn anger

and rage inward (anorexia, bulimia, suicide)

Answer 37

psychological or emotional abuse:

Question 38

causes intracerebral bleeding with resulting closed head injury may lose consciousness
etio–blood vessels rupture causing bleeding, may lead to death
dx–subdural hematoma, cerebral edema, retinal hemorrhage
tx–control bleeding and edema

Answer 38

Shaken Baby Syndrome

Question 39

often female, bruising, avoids eye contact

Answer 39

battered spouse syndrome

Question 40

any form of nonconsensual sexual activity

Answer 40

sexual abuse

Question 41

symptoms vary; rape crisis center assistance available in

most communities

Answer 41

rape